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Article

Thermal Management of Serpentine Flexible Heater Based on the Orthotropic Heat Conduction Model

1
Institute of Solid Mechanics, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
2
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
3
Aircraft and Propulsion Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Beihang University (BUAA), Ningbo 315100, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Micromachines 2022, 13(4), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13040622
Submission received: 15 March 2022 / Revised: 13 April 2022 / Accepted: 13 April 2022 / Published: 15 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Analyses and Designs for Flexible/Stretchable Electronics)

Abstract

Flexible heaters can perfectly fit with undevelopable surfaces for heating in many practical applications such as thermotherapy, defogging/deicing systems and warming garments. Considering the requirement for stretchability in a flexible heater, certain spacing needs to be retained between serpentine heat sources for deformation which will inevitably bring critical challenges to the thermal uniformity. In order to reconcile these two conflicting aspects, a novel method is proposed by embedding the serpentine heat source in orthotropic layers to achieve comprehensive performance in stretchability and uniform heating. Such a scheme takes advantage of the ability of orthotropic material to control the heat flow distribution via orthotropic thermal conductivity. In this paper, an analytical heat conduction model with orthotropic substrate and encapsulation is calculated using Fourier cosine transform, which is validated by finite element analysis (FEA). Meanwhile, the effects of the orthotropic substrate or encapsulation with different ratios of thermal conductivity and the geometric spacing on the thermal properties are investigated, which can help guide the design and fabrication of flexible heaters to achieve the goal of uniform heating.
Keywords: orthotropic heat conduction; flexible heater; serpentine heat source; thermal uniformity orthotropic heat conduction; flexible heater; serpentine heat source; thermal uniformity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhao, Z.; Nan, J.; Li, M. Thermal Management of Serpentine Flexible Heater Based on the Orthotropic Heat Conduction Model. Micromachines 2022, 13, 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13040622

AMA Style

Zhao Z, Nan J, Li M. Thermal Management of Serpentine Flexible Heater Based on the Orthotropic Heat Conduction Model. Micromachines. 2022; 13(4):622. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13040622

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhao, Zhao, Jin Nan, and Min Li. 2022. "Thermal Management of Serpentine Flexible Heater Based on the Orthotropic Heat Conduction Model" Micromachines 13, no. 4: 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13040622

APA Style

Zhao, Z., Nan, J., & Li, M. (2022). Thermal Management of Serpentine Flexible Heater Based on the Orthotropic Heat Conduction Model. Micromachines, 13(4), 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13040622

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