Distance Measurement of Contra-Rotating Rotor Blades with Ultrasonic Transducers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Distance Measurement Method
2.1. Sensor Arrangement and Measurement System
2.2. The Conception of Ultrasonic Distance Measurement Window
2.3. Trigger Timing
3. Signal Processing
3.1. Denoising
3.2. Distance Calculation
3.2.1. TOF Estimation
- (1)
- Select the window width N and sliding unit step step. The window width depends on the typical length of the received signal, and the sliding unit step should not be set too large (set as 1 in this study).
- (2)
- Determine the start and end point of the window. The start point depends on the trigger signal of the angular encoder and the end point is decided by the farthest measurement distance.
- (3)
- Calculate the power density of the received signal in windows 1 to .
- (4)
- Take the serial number of the window with the highest power density, written as .
- (5)
- Determine whether the window with the highest power density is significantly larger than the window where the general noise is located and record the window serial number if it is larger; otherwise, it is considered that there is no received signal in this measurement. In this study, the definition of whether it is significantly greater is whether the power density of the window in which the maximum power density is located is greater than 2 times the average of all windows.
- (6)
- Calculate the TOF using the following equation:
3.2.2. Ultrasonic Velocity Compensation
4. Experiments and Result Discussion
4.1. Experiment Set-Up
4.2. Results of the Ranging
4.2.1. Signal Timing and Denoising
4.2.2. Ranging Results and Error Analysis
5. Conclusions and Future Work
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Index | SNR | MSE | NCC |
---|---|---|---|
Before denoising | 2.1602 | 0.011374 | 0.77842 |
After denoising | 9.0296 | 0.002338 | 0.93607 |
TOF Method | RMSE | MAE | S * |
---|---|---|---|
ATM (denoised) | 4.6279 | 3.6611 | 3.4562 |
CCM (denoised) | 2.9036 | 2.3249 | 1.3076 |
SWPDM (denoised) | 2.6736 | 2.2586 | 1.1585 |
SWPDM (not denoised) | 3.4432 | 2.3493 | 2.4004 |
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Zhang, S.; Lu, Y.; Qiu, Z.; Hu, W.; Dong, Z.; Qiu, Z.; Qiu, Y. Distance Measurement of Contra-Rotating Rotor Blades with Ultrasonic Transducers. Micromachines 2024, 15, 676. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15060676
Zhang S, Lu Y, Qiu Z, Hu W, Dong Z, Qiu Z, Qiu Y. Distance Measurement of Contra-Rotating Rotor Blades with Ultrasonic Transducers. Micromachines. 2024; 15(6):676. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15060676
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Shan, Yaohuan Lu, Zhen Qiu, Wenchuan Hu, Zewen Dong, Zurong Qiu, and Yongqiang Qiu. 2024. "Distance Measurement of Contra-Rotating Rotor Blades with Ultrasonic Transducers" Micromachines 15, no. 6: 676. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15060676