Experimental Research on Interfacial Bonding Strength between Vertical Cast-In-Situ Joint and Precast Concrete Walls
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Work
2.1. Preparation of Concretes
2.2. Mechanical Properties of Concretes
2.3. Formation of Interface
2.4. Preparation of Bond Specimens and Test Method
3. Analyses of Test Results
3.1. Effect of Cast-In-Situ Concrete Strength
3.2. Effect of Interface of Precast Concrete
3.3. Effect of Interface Adhesion Agent
3.4. Effect of Roughness of Washing Exposed Aggregates
3.5. Effect of Storage Time of Precast Concrete
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- With the premise of higher strength grade of cast-in-situ concrete than precast concrete, the interfacial bonding strength increased with the increasing strength of cast-in-situ concrete. In practice, the cast-in-situ concrete is better one strength grade higher than precast concrete.
- (2)
- The interfacial bonding strength increased with sequence of original interface, closing net formed interface and washed rough interface of precast concrete. The washed rough interface of precast concrete is a good choice in practice to ensure the interfacial bonding strength. When the roughness was over 6 mm that is about one-third of exposed aggregates with maximum particle size of 20 mm, the interfacial bonding strength can reach the tensile strength of precast concrete.
- (3)
- Spraying binder paste on surface of precast concrete has beneficial effect on the bond of interface. This can be considered as a choice for the quality promotion of joints in practice.
- (4)
- The interfacial bonding strength decreased with the increasing storage time of precast concrete. The bonding strength could be equivalent to the tensile strength of precast concrete when the casting age of precast concrete was not over than 28 days. In practice, the production and installation cycle of precast concrete components should limit within 28 days.
- (5)
- The research of this paper has limitations only in macroscopic phenomena and index of bonding strength. Due to the complexity of interfacial bonding performance influenced by multi factors, further systematical researches should be carried out combined the macroscopic with the microscopic indices to revel the truth and accumulate research results.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Density(g/cm3) | Water for Standard Consistency (%) | Specific Surface Area (m2/kg) | Setting Time (min) | Compressive Strength (MPa) | Flexural Strength (MPa) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initial | Final | 3d | 28d | 3d | 28d | |||
3.09 | 27 | 360 | 170 | 215 | 27.8 | 58.4 | 5.2 | 8.3 |
Material | Apparent Density(kg/m3) | Specific Surface Area (m2/kg) | Activity Index (%) | Water Demand Ratio (%) | Mobility Ratio (%) | Fineness: Residual on Sieve (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
80 μm | 45 μm | ||||||
FA | 2350 | 406 | 73.3 | 84 | - | 5.48 | 21.75 |
GL | 2780 | 428 | 61.6 | - | 103 | 1.2 | 25 |
Fineness | Water of Standard Consistency (%) | Setting Time (min) | Restrained Expansion Rate (%) | Compressive Strength (MPa) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Specific Surface Area (m2/kg) | Residual on 1.18 mm Sieve (%) | Initial | Final | In Water 7d | In Air 21d | 7d | 28d | |
375 | 0.155 | 30 | 260 | 351 | 0.042 | 0.075 | 29.5 | 44.6 |
Material | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 | f-Cao | Na2O | K2O | LOI | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC | 20.81 | 5.99 | 3.28 | 60.12 | 2.13 | 2.23 | 0.67 | 0.11 | 0.55 | 3.52 | 0.59 |
FA | 55.92 | 17.31 | 5.91 | 6.95 | 3.82 | 1.93 | 0.26 | 0.48 | 1.96 | 2.63 | 2.83 |
GL | 0.89 | 0.51 | 0.29 | 47.56 | 4.45 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.67 | 0.27 | 40.71 | 4.57 |
EA | 3.48 | 9.27 | 1.44 | 42.78 | 0.48 | 27.38 | 6.65 | 0.62 | 0.47 | 5.51 | 1.92 |
Particle Size (mm) | Apparent Density (kg/m3) | Bulk Density (kg/m3) | Closed-Compact Density (kg/m3) | Moisture Content (%) | Water Absorption (%) | Porosity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5~20 | 2730 | 1548 | 1613 | 0.30 | 1.17 | 42 |
5~16 | 2760 | 1554 | 1678 | 0.23 | 1.05 | 41 |
Sand | 2689 | 1583 | 1726 | 0.6 | 2.0 |
Concrete | Water to Binder Ratio | Dosage of Raw Materials (kg/m³) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water | Cement | FA | GL | Crushed Limestone | Sand | Water Reducer | EA | ||
Precast components | 0.47 | 175 | 335 | 37 | - | 1086 | 786 | 3.7 | - |
0.57 | 185 | 292 | 32 | - | 1060 | 831 | 3.2 | - | |
Cast-in-situ joints | 0.37 | 190 | 308 | 51 | 103 | 885 | 816 | 5.6 | 51.4 |
0.34 | 185 | 326 | 54 | 109 | 873 | 806 | 5.4 | 54.4 | |
0.31 | 185 | 358 | 60 | 119 | 851 | 786 | 7.2 | 59. 7 | |
0.28 | 185 | 396 | 66 | 132 | 816 | 754 | 7.3 | 66.1 |
Concrete | Water to Binder Ratio | Strength Grade | Cubic Compressive Strength (MPa) | Axial Compressive Strength (MPa) | Splitting Tensile Strength (MPa) | Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Precast | 0.57 | C30 | 33.1 | 28.7 | 2.38 | 30.5 |
0.47 | C40 | 48.4 | 35.5 | 3.18 | 31.7 | |
Cast-in-situ | 0.37 | C30 | 37.5 | 28.7 | 2.08 | 28.9 |
0.34 | C35 | 43.6 | 30.1 | 2.77 | 30.5 | |
0.31 | C40 | 47.0 | 32.4 | 2.94 | 31.3 | |
0.28 | C45 | 54.7 | 35.7 | 3.71 | 33.3 |
Surface of Precast Concrete | Strength Grade of Concrete | fb (MPa) | βe | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Precast | Cast-In-Situ | |||
Original surface | C40 | C30 | 1.08 | 0.34 |
C40 | 1.32 | 0.41 | ||
Closing net formed surface | C40 | C30 | 1.29 | 0.40 |
C40 | 1.67 | 0.53 | ||
Washed rough surface | C40 | C30 | 2.02 | 0.64 |
C40 | 2.98 | 0.94 |
Roughness Range | Average Depth of Filled Sand (mm) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C40 Precast Concrete | C30 Precast Concrete | |||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
4~5 mm | 4.57 | 4.73 | 4.81 | 4.20 | 4.44 | 4.73 |
5~6 mm | 5.04 | 5.36 | 5.73 | 5.14 | 5.33 | 5.95 |
6~7 mm | 6.30 | 6.73 | 6.94 | 6.13 | 6.36 | 6.92 |
7~8 mm | 7.02 | 7.24 | 7.46 | 7.31 | 7.33 | 7.96 |
Strength Grade of Concrete | C40 Precast, C45 Cast-In-Situ | C30 Precast, C35 Cast-In-Situ | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Roughness of Precast Concrete | fb (MPa) | βe | fb (MPa) | βe |
4~5 mm | 2.69 | 0.85 | 1.99 | 0.84 |
5~6 mm | 2.72 | 0.86 | 2.08 | 0.87 |
6~7 mm | 3.09 | 0.97 | 2.32 | 0.97 |
7~8 mm | 3.24 | 1.02 | 2.46 | 1.03 |
Strength Grade of Concrete | C40 Precast, C45 Cast-In-Situ | C30 Precast, C35 Cast-In-Situ | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Age of Precast Concrete (d) | fb (MPa) | βe | fb (MPa) | βe |
14 | 3.24 | 1.02 | 2.46 | 1.03 |
28 | 3.16 | 0.99 | 2.40 | 1.01 |
56 | 2.88 | 0.91 | 2.08 | 0.87 |
90 | 2.68 | 0.84 | 1.93 | 0.81 |
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Li, C.; Yang, Y.; Su, J.; Meng, H.; Pan, L.; Zhao, S. Experimental Research on Interfacial Bonding Strength between Vertical Cast-In-Situ Joint and Precast Concrete Walls. Crystals 2021, 11, 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050494
Li C, Yang Y, Su J, Meng H, Pan L, Zhao S. Experimental Research on Interfacial Bonding Strength between Vertical Cast-In-Situ Joint and Precast Concrete Walls. Crystals. 2021; 11(5):494. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050494
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Changyong, Yabin Yang, Jiuzhou Su, Huidi Meng, Liyun Pan, and Shunbo Zhao. 2021. "Experimental Research on Interfacial Bonding Strength between Vertical Cast-In-Situ Joint and Precast Concrete Walls" Crystals 11, no. 5: 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050494