Amorphous Phase Mediated Crystallization: Fundamentals of Biomineralization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Amorphous Phase—Mediated Crystallization Pathways in Bio- and Biomimetic Mineralization Systems
2.1. Biomineralization Systems
2.2. Biomimetic Mineralization Systems
2.2.1. Mineralization Medium
2.2.2. Biomimetic Organic Matrix
2.2.3. Biomimetic Mineralization in the Presence of Non-Matrix Proteins and Their Analogues
3. Kinetics of Amorphous Mineral Phase-Mediated Crystallization
3.1. Determination of Amorphous Phases and Their Solubility
3.2. Classical Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation Theory
3.3. Amorphous Phase Mediated Nucleation
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Phase | Formula | Solubility a -log(Ks) |
---|---|---|
Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) b | CaHPO4•2H2O | 6.59 |
Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) b | Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)4•5H2O | 96.6 |
α-Tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) b | α-Ca3(PO4)2 | 25.5 |
β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) b | β-Ca3(PO4)2 | 28.9 |
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) b | Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 | 116.8 |
Vaterite c | CaCO3 | 7.91 |
Aragonite c | CaCO3 | 8.34 |
Calcite c | CaCO3 | 8.48 |
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Jin, W.; Jiang, S.; Pan, H.; Tang, R. Amorphous Phase Mediated Crystallization: Fundamentals of Biomineralization. Crystals 2018, 8, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010048
Jin W, Jiang S, Pan H, Tang R. Amorphous Phase Mediated Crystallization: Fundamentals of Biomineralization. Crystals. 2018; 8(1):48. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010048
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, Wenjing, Shuqin Jiang, Haihua Pan, and Ruikang Tang. 2018. "Amorphous Phase Mediated Crystallization: Fundamentals of Biomineralization" Crystals 8, no. 1: 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010048