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Cells
Volume 11
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10.3390/cells11192942
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Article

Comparison of Different Clinical Chemotherapeutical Agents’ Toxicity and Cell Response on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Cells

by
Flóra Vajda
1,2,
Áron Szepesi
1,3,
György Várady
1,
Judit Sessler
1,
Dániel Kiss
4,
Zsuzsa Erdei
1,
Kornélia Szebényi
1,
Katalin Német
3,
Gergely Szakács
1,5 and
András Füredi
1,5,*
1
Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
2
Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
3
Creative Cell Kft., 1119 Budapest, Hungary
4
Software Engineering Institute, John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics, Óbuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
5
National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2022, 11(19), 2942; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11192942
Submission received: 7 July 2022 / Revised: 8 September 2022 / Accepted: 17 September 2022 / Published: 20 September 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitophagy, Autophagy, Apoptosis and Senescence—the Roles of These Processes in Invasive Cancer Growth)
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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or fibroblasts are one of the most abundant cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME) exerting various anti- and pro-apoptotic effects during tumorigenesis, invasion, and drug treatment. Despite the recently discovered importance of MSCs in tumor progression and therapy, the response of these cells to chemotherapeutics compared to cancer cells is rarely investigated. A widely accepted view is that these naive MSCs have higher drug tolerance than cancer cells due to a significantly lower proliferation rate. Here, we examine the differences and similarities in the sensitivity of MSCs and cancer cells to nine diverse chemotherapy agents and show that, although MSCs have a slower cell cycle, these cells are still sensitive to various drugs. Surprisingly, MSCs showed similar sensitivity to a panel of compounds, however, suffered fewer DNA double-stranded breaks, did not enter into a senescent state, and was virtually incapable of apoptosis. Our results suggest that MSCs and cancer cells have different cell fates after drug treatment, and this could influence therapy outcome. These findings could help design drug combinations targeting both MSCs and cancer cells in the TME.
Keywords: tumor microenvironment; mesenchymal stem cells; cancer cells; chemotherapeutics; drug tolerance tumor microenvironment; mesenchymal stem cells; cancer cells; chemotherapeutics; drug tolerance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vajda, F.; Szepesi, Á.; Várady, G.; Sessler, J.; Kiss, D.; Erdei, Z.; Szebényi, K.; Német, K.; Szakács, G.; Füredi, A. Comparison of Different Clinical Chemotherapeutical Agents’ Toxicity and Cell Response on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Cells. Cells 2022, 11, 2942. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11192942

AMA Style

Vajda F, Szepesi Á, Várady G, Sessler J, Kiss D, Erdei Z, Szebényi K, Német K, Szakács G, Füredi A. Comparison of Different Clinical Chemotherapeutical Agents’ Toxicity and Cell Response on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Cells. Cells. 2022; 11(19):2942. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11192942

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vajda, Flóra, Áron Szepesi, György Várady, Judit Sessler, Dániel Kiss, Zsuzsa Erdei, Kornélia Szebényi, Katalin Német, Gergely Szakács, and András Füredi. 2022. "Comparison of Different Clinical Chemotherapeutical Agents’ Toxicity and Cell Response on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Cells" Cells 11, no. 19: 2942. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11192942

APA Style

Vajda, F., Szepesi, Á., Várady, G., Sessler, J., Kiss, D., Erdei, Z., Szebényi, K., Német, K., Szakács, G., & Füredi, A. (2022). Comparison of Different Clinical Chemotherapeutical Agents’ Toxicity and Cell Response on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Cells. Cells, 11(19), 2942. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11192942

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