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Open AccessArticle
Neonicotinoid Pesticides Affect Developing Neurons in Experimental Mouse Models and in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Neural Cultures and Organoids
by
Alessandro Mariani
Alessandro Mariani 1,
Davide Comolli
Davide Comolli 1,
Roberto Fanelli
Roberto Fanelli 2,
Gianluigi Forloni
Gianluigi Forloni 1
and
Massimiliano De Paola
Massimiliano De Paola 1,*
1
Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
2
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2024, 13(15), 1295; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13151295 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 4 July 2024
/
Revised: 24 July 2024
/
Accepted: 30 July 2024
/
Published: 31 July 2024
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are synthetic, nicotine-derived insecticides used worldwide to protect crops and domestic animals from pest insects. The reported evidence shows that they are also able to interact with mammalian nicotine receptors (nAChRs), triggering detrimental responses in cultured neurons. Exposure to high neonicotinoid levels during the fetal period induces neurotoxicity in animal models. Considering the persistent exposure to these insecticides and the key role of nAChRs in brain development, their potential neurotoxicity on mammal central nervous system (CNS) needs further investigations. We studied here the neurodevelopmental effects of different generations of neonicotinoids on CNS cells in mouse fetal brain and primary cultures and in neuronal cells and organoids obtained from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Neonicotinoids significantly affect neuron viability, with imidacloprid (IMI) inducing relevant alterations in synaptic protein expression, neurofilament structures, and microglia activation in vitro, and in the brain of prenatally exposed mouse fetuses. IMI induces neurotoxic effects also on developing human iPSC-derived neurons and cortical organoids. Collectively, the current findings show that neonicotinoids might induce impairment during neuro/immune-development in mouse and human CNS cells and provide new insights in the characterization of risk for the exposure to this class of pesticides.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Mariani, A.; Comolli, D.; Fanelli, R.; Forloni, G.; De Paola, M.
Neonicotinoid Pesticides Affect Developing Neurons in Experimental Mouse Models and in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Neural Cultures and Organoids. Cells 2024, 13, 1295.
https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13151295
AMA Style
Mariani A, Comolli D, Fanelli R, Forloni G, De Paola M.
Neonicotinoid Pesticides Affect Developing Neurons in Experimental Mouse Models and in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Neural Cultures and Organoids. Cells. 2024; 13(15):1295.
https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13151295
Chicago/Turabian Style
Mariani, Alessandro, Davide Comolli, Roberto Fanelli, Gianluigi Forloni, and Massimiliano De Paola.
2024. "Neonicotinoid Pesticides Affect Developing Neurons in Experimental Mouse Models and in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Neural Cultures and Organoids" Cells 13, no. 15: 1295.
https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13151295
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