Low Immunogenicity of Keratinocytes Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Cell Culture
2.2. Differentiation from hESCs to Keratinocytes
2.3. Stimulating the Expression of Immune Molecules
2.4. Immunofluorescence
2.5. Flow Cytometry
2.6. qPCR Analysis
2.7. Mixed Lymphocytes Reaction
2.8. Protein Microarray
2.9. Transcriptome Sequencing
2.10. Humanized Immune Mouse Model Experiment
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Identification of hESC-Derived Keratinocytes
3.2. Low Gene Expression of ESKCs in Antigen Presentation and Interferon Response Pathway
3.3. ESKCs Showed Low Expression of HLA Molecules and Costimulatory Molecules
3.4. ESKCs Exhibited a Limited Capacity to Stimulate Proliferation of T Lymphocytes and Secretion of Inflammatory Factors In Vitro
3.5. Low Immune Responsiveness of ESKCs In Vivo
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Stimulating Cells | Responder Cells | |
---|---|---|---|
1 × 105 Cells per Well | 1 × 106 Cells per Well | ||
1 | hESCs | hESCs | PBMCs-A |
2 | ESKCs | ESKCs | PBMCs-A |
3 | PKCs | PKCs | PBMCs-A |
4 | NC | PBMCs-A | PBMCs-A |
5 | PC | PBMCs-B | PBMCs-A |
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Shen, J.; Zeng, X.; Lv, H.; Jin, Y.; Liu, Y.; Lian, W.; Huang, S.; Zang, Q.; Zhang, Q.; Xu, J. Low Immunogenicity of Keratinocytes Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Cells 2024, 13, 1447. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13171447
Shen J, Zeng X, Lv H, Jin Y, Liu Y, Lian W, Huang S, Zang Q, Zhang Q, Xu J. Low Immunogenicity of Keratinocytes Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Cells. 2024; 13(17):1447. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13171447
Chicago/Turabian StyleShen, Jiayi, Xuanhao Zeng, Haozhen Lv, Yiting Jin, Yating Liu, Weiling Lian, Shiyi Huang, Qing Zang, Qi Zhang, and Jinhua Xu. 2024. "Low Immunogenicity of Keratinocytes Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells" Cells 13, no. 17: 1447. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13171447