Putative Roles and Therapeutic Potential of the Chaperone System in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
3. Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | ALS |
Multiple sclerosis | MS |
Chaperone System | CS |
Heat shock protein | Hsp |
Neuromuscular diseases | NMDs |
Motor neuron disease | MND |
Valosin-containing protein | VCP |
Sigma receptor 1 | SIGMAR1 |
Endoplasmic reticulum | ER |
Superoxide dismutase1 | SOD1 |
Heat shock response | HSR |
Chaperone-mediated autophagy | CMA |
Danger-associated molecular patterns | DAMPs |
Transient receptor potential | TRP |
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor | MIF |
Central nervous systems | CNS |
Epstein–Bar virus | EB |
Major histocompatibility complex | MHC |
Myelin basic protein | MBP |
Proteolipid protein | PLP |
Cerebrospinal fluid | CSF |
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells | OPCs |
Systemic lupus erythematosus | SLE |
Rheumatoid arthritis | RA |
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Molecular Chaperones | Potential Chaperonotherapy for ALS |
---|---|
VCP | Negative, inhibitors of VCP [109], Positive, HSR amplifiers [41,42] |
SIGMAR1 | Positive, agonist of SIGMAR1 [27,110] |
SOD1 | Positive, HSR amplifiers [41,42] or boosting specific molecular chaperones [60,61] |
Potential Chaperonotherapy for MS | |
Hsp60 Hsp70 Hsp90 sHsps | A combination of negative and positive modes of chaperonotherapy could be implemented, including inhibition of the proinflammatory Hsp60, 70, and 90 [83,84,97,98] and induction of sHsps. |
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Noori, L.; Saqagandomabadi, V.; Di Felice, V.; David, S.; Caruso Bavisotto, C.; Bucchieri, F.; Cappello, F.; Conway de Macario, E.; Macario, A.J.L.; Scalia, F. Putative Roles and Therapeutic Potential of the Chaperone System in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis. Cells 2024, 13, 217. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13030217
Noori L, Saqagandomabadi V, Di Felice V, David S, Caruso Bavisotto C, Bucchieri F, Cappello F, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL, Scalia F. Putative Roles and Therapeutic Potential of the Chaperone System in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis. Cells. 2024; 13(3):217. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13030217
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoori, Leila, Vahid Saqagandomabadi, Valentina Di Felice, Sabrina David, Celeste Caruso Bavisotto, Fabio Bucchieri, Francesco Cappello, Everly Conway de Macario, Alberto J. L. Macario, and Federica Scalia. 2024. "Putative Roles and Therapeutic Potential of the Chaperone System in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis" Cells 13, no. 3: 217. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13030217