A Phospho-SIM in the Antiviral Protein PML is Required for Its Recruitment to HSV-1 Genomes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Cells
2.2. Plasmids
S8A forward | 5'-ggagcctgcacccgcccgaGctccgaggccccagc-3' |
S8E forward | 5'-ggagcctgcacccgcTcgaGAAccgaggccccagcag-3' |
S8 reverse | 5'-atggcgttgtcatcgtcatccttg-3' |
T28;S36/38/40A forward | 5'-atgcctccccccgagGcGccctctgaaggccgccagcccGCTcccG-CGccGGCccctacagagcgagc-3' |
T28;S36/38/40E forward | 5'-atgcctccccccgagGAAccctctgaaggccgGcagcccGAAccc-GAAcccGAAcctacagagcgagcc-3' |
T28;S36/38/40 reverse | 5'-ggtgggctcctggggccgggcggg-3' |
S117A | 5'-agtctgcagcggcgcTtAGcggtgtaccggcaga-3' |
S117E forward | 5'-tctgcagcggcgcctCGAggtgtaccggcagat-3' |
S117E reverse | 5'-ctctcgaaaaagacgttatccagggcggg-3' |
S399/403;T409A forward | 5'-aaGgaCgcGgcGgtGGCTaaAaaGgccGCcccagaggctgcca-gcGctcccagggacccta-3' |
S399/403;T409E forward | 5'-aaGgaCgcGgcGgtGGAGaaAaaGgccGAAccTgaggctgcc-agcGAAcccagggaccctatt-3' |
S399/403;T409 reverse | 5'-cccctgggtgatgcaagagctgag-3' |
S480;T482;S493A forward | 5'-cagaagaggaagtgcGCGcagGcccagtgccccaggaaggtcatca-agatggagGctgaggaggggaagg-3' |
S480;T482;S493E forward | 5'-cagaagaggaagtgcGAGcagGAAcagtgcccTaggaaggtcatc-aagatggagGAAgaggaggggaaggag-3' |
S480;T482;S493 | 5'-ggctgtcgttgtattggagacatc-3' |
S504/505A forward | 5'-ggcaaggttggctcgAGCcGccccggagcagccca-3' |
S504/505A reverse | 5'-tccttcccctcctcagactccatc-3' |
S504/505E forward | 5'-gcaaggttggctcggGAAGAGccggagcagcccagg-3' |
S505/505E reverse | 5'-ctccttcccctcctcagactccat-3' |
S518A forward | 5'-cagcacctccaaggcagtcGcaccTccTcacctggatggaccg-3' |
S518E forward | 5'-cagcacctccaaggcCgtGGAaccaccccacctgga-3' |
S518 reverse | 5'-ggcctgggctgctccgg-3' |
S527/530A | 5'-ctggatggaccgcctGCccccaggGCccccgtcataggaag-3' |
S527/530E forward | 5'-ctggatggaccgcctGAAccTaggGAAcccgtcataggaagt-3' |
S527/530E reverse | 5'-gtggggtggtgagactgccttggag-3' |
S560/561/562/565A forward | 5′-cgcgttgtggtgatcGCGGCcGcggaagacGcagatgccgaaaact-3′ |
S560/561/562/565A reverse | 5'-ttcctctgcctccccggcgccact-3' |
S560/561/562/565E forward | 5'-ggaggcagaggaacgTgttgtggtgatcGAAGAAGAggaagacGA-Agatgccgaaaactcg-3' |
S560/561/562/565E reverse | 5'-ccggcgccactggccacgtggttg-3' |
S565A forward | 5'-agcagctcggaagacGcagatgccgaaaact-3' |
S565A reverse | 5'-gatcaccacaacgcgttcctctgc-3' |
S565E forward | 5'-gttgtggtgatcagcTCTtcggaagacGAagatgccgaaaactc-3' |
S565E reverse | 5'-gcgttcctctgcctccccggcgcc-3' |
V556/557/558A;I559S forward | 5'-aggcagaggaacgcgCtgCggCTaGcagcagctcggaaga-3' |
Δ476–490 forward | 5'-gaggcaaggttggctcgga-3' |
Δ476–490 reverse | 5'-ctgggctgtcgttgtattggaga-3' |
K65R | 5'-atgccaggcggaagcGCGCtgcccgaagctgctg-3' |
K160R forward | 5'-acaccagtggttcctACGTcaTgaAgcccggcccctagca-3' |
K160R reverse | 5'-gcctcgaagcacttggcgcag-3' |
K490R | 5'-cccaggaaggtcatcCGgatggagtctgagga-3' |
K616R forward | 5'-gttttctttgacctcCGgattgacaatgaaa-3' |
K616R reverse | 5'-cagaggtctgtcttctgcttggg-3' |
2.3. Viruses
2.4. PML Immunoprecipitation
2.5. Mass Spectrometry (MS)
2.6. Western Blots
2.7. Immunofluorescence/Fluorescence Microscopy
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Identification of Phosphorylated Residues of PML in Uninfected and HSV-1 Infected Cells
Uninfected | HSV-1 Infected | ||
---|---|---|---|
Coverage gaps | Coverage gaps | ||
S399 | 1–44 | S403 | 1–7 |
S403 | 57–86 | T409 | 18–44 |
T409 | 147–149 | S505 | 57–97 |
S480 | 212–216 | S518 | 132–153 |
T482 | S527 | 206–216 | |
S493 | S565 | 336–337 | |
S504 | T594* | 395–399 | |
S505 | S598* | 478–486 | |
S518 | S603* | ||
S527 | S613* | ||
T594* | S637* | ||
S598* | |||
S603* | |||
S608* | |||
S613* | |||
S616* | |||
S619* | |||
T620* | |||
S637* |
3.2. Phosphorylation at Sites near the SIM Alter ND10 Morphology and Influences Sp100 and Daxx Recruitment to ND10s
3.3. Phosphorylation does not Largely Impact SUMOylation Levels
3.4. Phosphorylation is not Required for the Colocalization of PML-I and ICP0
3.5. PML Phosphorylation has Minor Effects on ICP0-Induced Degradation
3.6. Mutation of the Phosphoacceptor Sites in the Phospho-SIM of PML-I Prevents its Recruitment to Incoming Viral Genomes
4. Conclusions
Incoming Genome Recruitment | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
++ | +++ | ND | ++ | ND | +++ | +++ | ND | +++ |
+ | ++ | - | - | ++ | +++ | +++ | - | +++ |
++ | - | + | - | - | +++ | +++ | - | +++ |
++ | ++ | + | + | ++ | +++ | + | - | +++ |
++ | ND | + | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | - | +++ |
++ | ++ | + | - | ++ | +++ | +++ | - | +++ |
+++ | ND | ++ | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | - | +++ |
++ | ++ | - | - | ++ | +++ | +++ | - | +++ |
++ | ND | + | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | + | +++ |
++ | ++ | + | + | ++ | +++ | +++ | + | +++ |
++ | ND | - | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | + | +++ |
++ | ++ | - | + | +++ | +++ | +++ | - | +++ |
++ | ND | + | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | + | +++ |
+ | ++ | - | ++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | - | +++ |
+ | ND | - | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | - | +++ |
++ | +++ | ++ | +++ | + | +++ | +++ | - | - |
++ | ND | ++ | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | - | - |
ND | +++ | ND | +++ | + | +++ | +++ | - | +++ |
++ | ND | ++ | ND | ++ | +++ | ND | - | +++ |
+++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | + | +++ | +++ | ND | - |
- | ND | + | ND | - | +++ | ++ | ++ | - |
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Smith, M.C.; Box, A.C.; Haug, J.S.; Lane, W.S.; Davido, D.J. A Phospho-SIM in the Antiviral Protein PML is Required for Its Recruitment to HSV-1 Genomes. Cells 2014, 3, 1131-1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells3041131
Smith MC, Box AC, Haug JS, Lane WS, Davido DJ. A Phospho-SIM in the Antiviral Protein PML is Required for Its Recruitment to HSV-1 Genomes. Cells. 2014; 3(4):1131-1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells3041131
Chicago/Turabian StyleSmith, Miles C., Andrew C. Box, Jeffrey S. Haug, William S. Lane, and David J. Davido. 2014. "A Phospho-SIM in the Antiviral Protein PML is Required for Its Recruitment to HSV-1 Genomes" Cells 3, no. 4: 1131-1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells3041131