Similar Population of CD133+ and DDX4+ VSEL-Like Stem Cells Sorted from Human Embryonic Stem Cell, Ovarian, and Ovarian Cancer Ascites Cell Cultures: The Real Embryonic Stem Cells?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Experimental Design
2.2. Cell Cultures
2.3. Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting Based on CD133 Expression
2.4. Exposure of Sorted Cells to Valproic Acid and FSH for Activation
2.5. Immunocytochemistry for CD133, DDX4, SSEA4, PRDM14, and S100 Expression
2.6. qPCR Analysis of CD133 and DDX4 Expression
2.7. In Vitro Differentiation of Cells into Adipogenic, Osteogenic and Neural lineages
3. Results
3.1. VSEL-Like Stem Cells in Cell Cultures
3.2. Positivity of VSEL-Like Stem Cells, Spheroids and Oocyte-Like Cells for the Germinal Lineage-Related Markers DDX4 and PRDM14
3.3. Positivity of Small VSEL-Like Cells for CD133 and Coexpression with the Germinal Marker DDX4
3.4. MACS Sorting of CD133+ Cells
3.5. Artificial Expansion of VSEL-Like Stem Cells after CD133-based MACS Sorting Using Valproic Acid and FSH
3.6. Differentiation of Sorted and Artificially Activated CD133+ VSEL-Like Stem Cells into Adipogenic, Osteogenic and Neural Lineages
3.7. qPCR Analysis of the Expression of the CD133 and DDX4 Genes in Cell Cultures
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Types of Cell Cultures | Statistical Significance | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
hESCs | Normal Ovaries | Ascites | Fibroblasts (Negative Control) | ||
Mean proportion of VSEL-like stem cells/field | 35% ῶ (min. 10%–max. 50%) | 17% * (min. 0%–max. 67%) | 75% *ῶ (min. 33% –max. 75%) | 0% | *ῶ p < 0.0001 |
Proportion of VSEL-like stem cells/counted cells | 32% ⌘ | 10% υ | 86% υ⌘ | 0% | υ⌘p < 0.01 |
Cell Cultures | Gene Expression Level (± Standard Deviation) | |
---|---|---|
CD133 | DDX4 | |
Normal ovary | 1.00 ± 0.10 | 1.00 ± 0.16 |
Ovarian cancer ascites | 8.58 ± 0.80 | 9.55 ± 2.15 |
hESCs | 12.00 ± 1.21 | 3.61 ± 0.67 |
HT-19 | 8.20 ± 0.74 | ND |
Fibroblasts | ND | ND |
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Virant-Klun, I.; Skerl, P.; Novakovic, S.; Vrtacnik-Bokal, E.; Smrkolj, S. Similar Population of CD133+ and DDX4+ VSEL-Like Stem Cells Sorted from Human Embryonic Stem Cell, Ovarian, and Ovarian Cancer Ascites Cell Cultures: The Real Embryonic Stem Cells? Cells 2019, 8, 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8070706
Virant-Klun I, Skerl P, Novakovic S, Vrtacnik-Bokal E, Smrkolj S. Similar Population of CD133+ and DDX4+ VSEL-Like Stem Cells Sorted from Human Embryonic Stem Cell, Ovarian, and Ovarian Cancer Ascites Cell Cultures: The Real Embryonic Stem Cells? Cells. 2019; 8(7):706. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8070706
Chicago/Turabian StyleVirant-Klun, Irma, Petra Skerl, Srdjan Novakovic, Eda Vrtacnik-Bokal, and Spela Smrkolj. 2019. "Similar Population of CD133+ and DDX4+ VSEL-Like Stem Cells Sorted from Human Embryonic Stem Cell, Ovarian, and Ovarian Cancer Ascites Cell Cultures: The Real Embryonic Stem Cells?" Cells 8, no. 7: 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8070706