Next Article in Journal
Upregulation of ABLIM1 Differentiates Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma from Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Both Colorectal and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Liver Metastases
Previous Article in Journal
Melatonin Improves H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Sertoli Cells Through Nrf2-Keap1 Signaling Pathway
Previous Article in Special Issue
Advancements in Focal Amplification Detection in Tumor/Liquid Biopsies and Emerging Clinical Applications
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Genes
Volume 15
Issue 12
10.3390/genes15121542
genes-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Review

Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) Affecting HLA Genes in Breast Cancer: Clinical Relevance and Therapeutic Opportunities

by
María Antonia Garrido
1,
Alba Navarro-Ocón
2,3,
Víctor Ronco-Díaz
2,4,
Nicolás Olea
1,3,5,6 and
Natalia Aptsiauri
2,3,*
1
Radiology Service, Virgen de la Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain
2
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
3
Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
4
Department of Genomic Medicine, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), 18016 Granada, Spain
5
Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
6
CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERSP), 28034 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2024, 15(12), 1542; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15121542
Submission received: 3 November 2024 / Revised: 22 November 2024 / Accepted: 26 November 2024 / Published: 28 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic and Genomic Abnormalities in Cancer)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I molecules (or Human Leucocyte Antigen class-I) play a key role in adaptive immunity against cancer. They present specific tumor neoantigens to cytotoxic T cells and provoke an antitumor cytotoxic response. The total or partial loss of HLA molecules can inhibit the immune system’s ability to detect and destroy cancer cells. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a common irreversible genetic alteration that occurs in the great majority of human tumors, including breast cancer. LOH at chromosome 6, which involves HLA genes (LOH-HLA), leads to the loss of an HLA haplotype and is linked to cancer progression and a weak response to cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, the loss of genes or an entire chromosomal region which are critical for antigen presentation is of particular importance in the search for novel prognostic and clinical biomarkers in breast cancer. Here, we review the role of LOH-HLA in breast cancer, its contribution to an understanding of cancer immune escape and tumor progression, and discuss how it can be targeted in cancer therapy.
Keywords: HLA class-I; LOH HLA; cancer immune escape; breast cancer HLA class-I; LOH HLA; cancer immune escape; breast cancer

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Garrido, M.A.; Navarro-Ocón, A.; Ronco-Díaz, V.; Olea, N.; Aptsiauri, N. Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) Affecting HLA Genes in Breast Cancer: Clinical Relevance and Therapeutic Opportunities. Genes 2024, 15, 1542. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15121542

AMA Style

Garrido MA, Navarro-Ocón A, Ronco-Díaz V, Olea N, Aptsiauri N. Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) Affecting HLA Genes in Breast Cancer: Clinical Relevance and Therapeutic Opportunities. Genes. 2024; 15(12):1542. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15121542

Chicago/Turabian Style

Garrido, María Antonia, Alba Navarro-Ocón, Víctor Ronco-Díaz, Nicolás Olea, and Natalia Aptsiauri. 2024. "Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) Affecting HLA Genes in Breast Cancer: Clinical Relevance and Therapeutic Opportunities" Genes 15, no. 12: 1542. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15121542

APA Style

Garrido, M. A., Navarro-Ocón, A., Ronco-Díaz, V., Olea, N., & Aptsiauri, N. (2024). Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) Affecting HLA Genes in Breast Cancer: Clinical Relevance and Therapeutic Opportunities. Genes, 15(12), 1542. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15121542

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop