Experimental Study of Pt Solubility in the CO-CO2 Fluid at Low fO2 and Subsolidus Conditions of the Ultramafic-Mafic Intrusions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- (1)
- Albite glass trap (AGT). It is a powder at the beginning of experiment when it is filled with fluid. It is sintered rapidly into the dense material with isolated fluid bubbles. In the loose state, the trap can be mechanically contaminated with platinum particles of the walls. These particles have larger size (up to 10–15 µm) than particles (usually of submicron size) deposited from the fluid. Mechanically produced particles contain less iron than deposited ones. Using of the bulk analysis of albite trap leads to the severely overestimated solubility. After the initial trials, albite traps were used only for probing experimental fluid conserved in the bubbles.
- (2)
- Industrial corundum filter for high temperature gasses (CRT). The advantages of this filter are the high mechanical stability and chemical resistance of the main corundum component. The main disadvantage is the use of alkaline aluminosilicate glass as a binder in the production of ceramics. This glass can react with the fluid and thus affect the platinum solubility. Another drawback of the corundum traps is the impossibility of their analysis by the Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method.
- (3)
- Trap from the optic silica glass (CGT). These traps were prepared by the high-temperature sintering in the vacuum furnace at T = 1370 °C during an hour. Porosity of this trap measured after experiments at P = 200 MPa is about 40 ± 5%. Traps are not strong enough to clean their surface with mechanical abrasion after experiment, therefore some surface mechanical contamination with platinum is possible. To avoid this effect, trap was split into three pieces analyzed separately with Electrothermal Atomic Absorption (ET-AAS) method.
3. Results
3.1. Qualitative Observations of the Reduced Carbonic Fluid Activity
3.2. Fluid Composition
3.2.1. Raman Data Interpretation
Results of Micro-Raman Study
3.3. Platinum Dissolution in the Fluid
3.3.1. Pt Content in the Traps
3.3.2. Influence of Pressure and CO Concentration on Pt Solubility
3.4. Solubility of the Pt Quenching Phases in Organic Solvents
3.4.1. Pt in Carbon-Periclase Matrix
3.4.2. Pt in Pure Periclase Matrix
3.5. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Spectra of the Quenching Phase Solution
3.5.1. Excitation of Raman Spectrum with Infrared Laser
3.5.2. Excitation of Raman Spectrum with Green Laser
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Run | T/P (°C/Kbar) | XCO/XCOeq | LA-ICP-MS (ppm) | ET-AAS (ppm) | Porosity | Cfl/CCO2 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ab86 | 950/2 | 0.5/0.14 | 109.5 ± 129.8 | 335.5 | 0.35 1 | mechanical contamination |
ab86 | 950/2 | 0.5/0.14 | 55.3 ± 53.0 3 | - | 0.35 1 | 489.6/418.5 |
cor99 | 950/2 | 0.5/0.14 | - | 27.5 | 0.4 | 512.4/437.9 |
qz98 | 950/2 | 0.5/0.14 | - | 57.7 | 0.35 1 | 490.0/418.4 |
ab86 | 950/2 | 0.5/0.14 | 32.7 ± 33.7 4 | n.d. | 0.4 1 | 289.5/247.5 |
qz98 | 950/2 | 0.5/0.14 | 22.1 ± 15.1 | n.d. | 0.30 | 136.3/129.3 |
cor102 | 950/2 | 0.33/0.14 | - | 11.5 | 0.4 1 | 192.9/183.1 |
qz118 | 950/2 | 0.15/0.14 | - | 22.9 ± 7.1 | 0.5 | 141.0/133.8 |
ab108 | 950/1 | 0.5/0.22 | 2.5 ± 2.0 | n.d. | 0.45 | 20.5/18.0 |
cor105 | 950/1 | 0.5/0.22 | - | 5.1 | 0.5 | 85.5/75.3 |
qz120 | 950/1 | 0.21/0.22 | - | 10.2 | 0.60 | 80.1/70.5 |
cor104 | 950/0.5 | 0.5/0.31 | - | 1.4 | 0.60 | 24.1/19.7 |
ab107 | 950/0.5 | 0.5/0.31 | 0.22 ± 0.17 | n.d. | 0.6 1 | 6.3/5.16 |
qz119 | 950/0.5 | 0.5/0.31 | - | 11.6/32.4 | 0.21 | 114/93.6 |
cor106 | 9500/3 | 0.5/0.10 | - | 5.0 | 0.4 1 | 145.8/119.3 |
qz117 | 950/2;1000/1 | 0.2/0.29 | - | 1.3/6.4 | 0.4 1 | 44.0/40.8 |
Run | Time, Hours | Dissol. Time, h | XCO/XCOeq | Pt in MgO ppm | Comments | Pt in Flush ppm 1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
qz121 | 21 | 0.5 | 0.5/0.14 | 1469 | MgO + acetone stirred | 8.8 2 |
qz122 | 2 | 0.5 | 0.5/0.14 | 2393 | stirred | 48.2 2 |
qz123 | 2 | 0.25 | 0.5/0.14 | 17.4 | not stirred | 4.3 |
O56 | 21 | 0.25 | 0.16/0.14 | 1.4 | no carbon | 21.5 |
O57 | 21 | 0.25 | 0.16/0.14 | 3.4 | no carbon | 0.1 |
qz114 | 2 | 12 | 0.5/- | 21.8 | fluid with XH2O = 0.046 | - |
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Simakin, A.; Salova, T.; Borisova, A.Y.; Pokrovski, G.S.; Shaposhnikova, O.; Tyutyunnik, O.; Bondarenko, G.; Nekrasov, A.; Isaenko, S.I. Experimental Study of Pt Solubility in the CO-CO2 Fluid at Low fO2 and Subsolidus Conditions of the Ultramafic-Mafic Intrusions. Minerals 2021, 11, 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020225
Simakin A, Salova T, Borisova AY, Pokrovski GS, Shaposhnikova O, Tyutyunnik O, Bondarenko G, Nekrasov A, Isaenko SI. Experimental Study of Pt Solubility in the CO-CO2 Fluid at Low fO2 and Subsolidus Conditions of the Ultramafic-Mafic Intrusions. Minerals. 2021; 11(2):225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020225
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimakin, Alexander, Tamara Salova, Anastassia Y. Borisova, Gleb S. Pokrovski, Olga Shaposhnikova, Oksana Tyutyunnik, Galina Bondarenko, Alexey Nekrasov, and Sergey I. Isaenko. 2021. "Experimental Study of Pt Solubility in the CO-CO2 Fluid at Low fO2 and Subsolidus Conditions of the Ultramafic-Mafic Intrusions" Minerals 11, no. 2: 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020225