Molecular and Carbon Isotopic Variation during Canister Degassing of Terrestrial Shale: A Case Study from Xiahuayuan Formation in the Xuanhua Basin, North China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Geological Setting
3. Samples and Methods
3.1. Samples
3.2. Field Degassing Experiment
3.3. Gas Geochemical Analysis
3.4. TOC Content Analysis
3.5. Petrophysical Parameter Measurement
3.6. Low-Pressure CO2 Adsorption
4. Results
4.1. Molecular Composition of Shale Gas
4.2. Stable Carbon Isotopes
4.3. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Petrophysical Parameters
4.4. Micropore Characteristics
5. Discussion
5.1. Gas Component Variation during Canister Degassing
5.2. Carbon Isotope Variation during Canister Degassing
5.3. Influence of Petrophysics on Carbon Isotope Variation
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Degassing Stage | Temperature (°C) | Gas Composition (%) | δ13C (‰) VPDB | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH4 | C2H6 | C3H6 | CO2 | N2 | CH4 | C2H6 | C3H6 | |||
JX29-1 | 1 | 20 | 91.43 | 3.21 | 0.08 | 2.36 | 2.92 | −43.5 | −19.8 | n.d. |
JX29-2 | 1 | 20 | 93.64 | 3.46 | 0.09 | 1.79 | 1.03 | −42.8 | −19.5 | n.d. |
JX29-3 | 2 | 35 | 92.16 | 5.19 | 0.53 | 1.44 | 0.67 | −42.2 | −19.3 | −19.2 |
JX29-4 | 2 | 35 | 87.52 | 7.52 | 3.38 | 1.02 | 0.56 | −41.7 | −18.9 | −19.0 |
JX29-5 | 3 | 90 | 81.94 | 10.37 | 6.48 | 0.76 | 0.45 | −40.6 | −19.5 | −19.3 |
JX29-6 | 3 | 90 | 78.39 | 13.98 | 6.99 | 0.32 | 0.33 | −39.7 | −18.8 | −18.7 |
JX30-1 | 1 | 20 | 93.15 | 0.57 | n.d. | 2.65 | 3.63 | −44.5 | −21.6 | n.d. |
JX30-2 | 1 | 20 | 93.90 | 0.83 | n.d. | 1.91 | 3.36 | −43.0 | −21.3 | n.d. |
JX30-3 | 2 | 35 | 95.26 | 0.89 | n.d. | 1.55 | 2.30 | −42.7 | −21.2 | n.d. |
JX30-4 | 2 | 35 | 95.17 | 1.94 | n.d. | 0.69 | 2.21 | −42.2 | −20.6 | n.d. |
JX30-5 | 3 | 90 | 93.80 | 2.71 | 1.06 | 0.66 | 1.78 | −42.3 | −20.0 | −20.1 |
JX30-6 | 3 | 90 | 91.97 | 4.20 | 2.21 | 0.40 | 1.22 | −38.8 | −19.9 | −19.5 |
JX31-1 | 1 | 20 | 90.56 | 0.27 | n.d. | 4.22 | 4.95 | −44.7 | −21.2 | n.d. |
JX31-2 | 1 | 20 | 92.6 | 0.51 | n.d. | 3.74 | 3.14 | −43.5 | −20.7 | n.d. |
JX31-3 | 2 | 35 | 94.08 | 0.78 | 0.22 | 2.52 | 2.41 | −42.9 | −20.5 | −19.9 |
JX31-4 | 2 | 35 | 93.14 | 2.47 | 0.97 | 1.64 | 1.78 | −42.6 | −20.2 | −19.7 |
JX31-5 | 3 | 90 | 92.22 | 3.52 | 1.33 | 1.21 | 1.73 | −41.1 | −19.8 | −19.8 |
JX31-6 | 3 | 90 | 90.31 | 4.63 | 2.87 | 0.87 | 1.32 | −39.5 | −19.4 | −19.7 |
JX52-1 | 1 | 20 | 91.03 | 3.26 | 0.54 | 2.47 | 2.7 | −39.9 | −23.4 | −19.5 |
JX52-2 | 1 | 20 | 91.92 | 3.67 | 1.21 | 2.08 | 1.12 | −39.6 | −23.9 | −20.1 |
JX52-3 | 2 | 35 | 89.09 | 5.89 | 2.1 | 2.25 | 0.67 | −39.2 | −23.6 | −20.2 |
JX52-4 | 2 | 35 | 87.2 | 8.04 | 2.93 | 1.61 | 0.21 | −38.8 | −23.6 | −19.8 |
JX52-5 | 3 | 90 | 85.63 | 9.47 | 3.45 | 1.44 | n.d. | −38.2 | −23.8 | −19.8 |
JX52-6 | 3 | 90 | 78.48 | 15.47 | 4.91 | 1.15 | n.d. | −37.7 | −24.0 | −20.3 |
JX59-1 | 1 | 20 | 91.96 | 0.59 | 0.22 | 3.89 | 3.35 | −39.3 | −24.2 | −20.9 |
JX59-2 | 1 | 20 | 94.6 | 0.76 | 0.41 | 2.21 | 2.02 | −38.3 | −24.0 | −20.8 |
JX59-3 | 2 | 35 | 95.37 | 0.99 | 0.54 | 1.78 | 1.33 | −37.5 | −23.4 | −20.5 |
JX59-4 | 2 | 35 | 93.98 | 2.7 | 0.72 | 1.55 | 1.05 | −36.7 | −23.8 | −20.6 |
JX59-5 | 3 | 90 | 92.82 | 3.34 | 2.05 | 1.23 | 0.57 | −35.5 | −23.7 | −20.3 |
JX59-6 | 3 | 90 | 87.96 | 6.17 | 4.15 | 0.93 | 0.78 | −34.3 | −23.8 | −20.8 |
Sample | Depth (m) | Desorbed Gas Content (m3/t) | TOC (wt.%) | Porosity (%) | Permeability (mD) | D-A Micropore Surface (m2/g) | D-A Micropore Volume (cm3/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JX29 | 1022.13 | 1.74 | 5.51 | / | / | 37.6878 | 0.016196 |
JX30 | 1026.55 | 3.31 | 15.16 | 10.97 | 0.116 | 53.768 | 0.022476 |
JX31 | 1028.50 | 3.03 | 10.74 | 11.5 | 5.54 | 42.5084 | 0.018089 |
JX52 | 1117.09 | 1.95 | 1.97 | 6.81 | 78.27 | 21.6197 | 0.009241 |
JX59 | 1120.95 | 2.84 | 9.14 | / | / | 38.5643 | 0.016072 |
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Tao, J.; Zhang, J.; Liu, J.; Liu, Y.; Dang, W.; Yu, H.; Cao, Z.; Wang, S.; Dong, Z. Molecular and Carbon Isotopic Variation during Canister Degassing of Terrestrial Shale: A Case Study from Xiahuayuan Formation in the Xuanhua Basin, North China. Minerals 2021, 11, 843. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11080843
Tao J, Zhang J, Liu J, Liu Y, Dang W, Yu H, Cao Z, Wang S, Dong Z. Molecular and Carbon Isotopic Variation during Canister Degassing of Terrestrial Shale: A Case Study from Xiahuayuan Formation in the Xuanhua Basin, North China. Minerals. 2021; 11(8):843. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11080843
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao, Jia, Jinchuan Zhang, Junlan Liu, Yang Liu, Wei Dang, Haicheng Yu, Zhe Cao, Sheng Wang, and Zhe Dong. 2021. "Molecular and Carbon Isotopic Variation during Canister Degassing of Terrestrial Shale: A Case Study from Xiahuayuan Formation in the Xuanhua Basin, North China" Minerals 11, no. 8: 843. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11080843