Selective Leaching of Valuable Metals from Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst with Oxalic Acid
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Experimental Procedure
2.3. Characterization
3. Results
3.1. Analysis of Catalyst Samples
3.1.1. Catalyst Composition
3.1.2. Physical and Chemical Properties of Sample Catalyst
3.2. Leaching Test
3.2.1. Effects of Particle Size
3.2.2. Effects of Leaching Time
3.2.3. Effects of Oxalic Acid Concentration
3.2.4. Effects of Leaching Temperature
4. Discussion
4.1. Oxalic-Acid-Based SFCC Leachate
4.2. Preparation of Geopolymer from Leaching Residue
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Constituents (wt.%) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Al | Si | Fe | Ca | K | V | Ni | La | Ce | |
Fresh | 32.22 | 16.09 | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1.95 | 0.01 |
Spent | 29.26 | 17.59 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.16 | 0.44 | 0.53 | 1.67 | 0.68 |
Constituent (wt.%) | Al | Si | Fe | Ca | K | V | Ni | La | Ce |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leaching residue | 14.60 | 23.76 | 0.03 | 0.55 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.23 | 0.31 |
Element | Metal Concentration in Extraction Fluid (mg/L) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Spent FCC | Leaching Residue | Regulatory Levels (U.S. EPA) | Regulatory Levels (National Hazardous Waste List, China) | |
Al | 1.45 ± 0.07 | 0.91 ± 0.01 | — | — |
Fe | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.02 | — | — |
V | 7.13 ± 0.15 | 0.33 ± 0.02 | 1.6 | 3.6 |
Ni | 2.45 ± 0.02 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 11 | 5 |
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Zheng, D.; Zhang, Y.; Liu, T.; Huang, J.; Cai, Z.; Zhang, R. Selective Leaching of Valuable Metals from Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst with Oxalic Acid. Minerals 2022, 12, 748. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12060748
Zheng D, Zhang Y, Liu T, Huang J, Cai Z, Zhang R. Selective Leaching of Valuable Metals from Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst with Oxalic Acid. Minerals. 2022; 12(6):748. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12060748
Chicago/Turabian StyleZheng, Dalong, Yimin Zhang, Tao Liu, Jing Huang, Zhenlei Cai, and Ruobing Zhang. 2022. "Selective Leaching of Valuable Metals from Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst with Oxalic Acid" Minerals 12, no. 6: 748. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12060748