Preliminary Study on Additives for Controlling As, Se, B, and F Leaching from Coal Fly Ash
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Coal Fly Ash and Additives
2.2. Sample Preparation and Leaching Test
2.3. Analysis and Instrumentation
3. Results
3.1. Ca(OH)2, PS ash 8, and BF Cement as Single Additives
3.2. Ca(OH)2, PS ash 8, and BF Cement as Mixed Additives
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgements
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Composition | Coal Fly Ash | Additives | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FA C | FA H | Ca(OH)2 | PS Ash 8 | BF Cement | ||
SiO2 | (%) | 64.34 | 59.25 | 0.09 | 28.76 | 31.03 |
Al2O3 | 22.79 | 25.63 | 0.07 | 15.41 | 13.32 | |
TiO2 | 2.27 | 1.99 | 0.07 | 0.35 | 0.19 | |
Fe2O3 | 3.71 | 7.49 | BDL | 0.91 | 0.44 | |
CaO | 2.71 | 2.05 | 99.23 | 51.22 | 48.35 | |
MgO | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.36 | 2.76 | 3.77 | |
Na2O | 1.20 | 0.60 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.08 | |
K2O | 0.80 | 1.56 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.36 | |
P2O5 | 0.07 | 0.18 | 0.05 | 0.10 | BDL | |
MnO | 0.06 | BDL | BDL | 0.04 | 0.05 | |
V2O5 | BDL | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | |
SO3 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 0.01 | 0.27 | 2.39 |
Coal Fly Ash | Additives |
---|---|
FA C and FA H | (1) 3% of Calcium Hydroxide / Ca(OH)2 |
(2) 10% of Paper Sludge Ash / PS ash 8 | |
(3) 10% of BF cement | |
(4) 10% PS ash 8 + 10% BF cement | |
(5) 3% Ca(OH)2 + 10% PS ash 8 + 10% BF cement |
Leaching Concentration | As (µg/L) | B (mg/L) | Se (µg/L) | F (mg/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|
FAC | 17.55 | 3.88 | 90.77 | 1.66 |
FAH | 48.66 | 5.39 | 86.9 | 0.38 |
Japanese Environmental Limit | 10 | 1.0 | 10 | 0.8 |
Chemical Composition | FA C | FA H | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Before Leaching with (Ca(OH)2 + PS 8 + Cement B) | After Leaching with (Ca(OH)2 + PS 8 + Cement B) | Before Leaching with (Ca(OH)2 + PS 8 + Cement B) | After Leaching with (Ca(OH)2 + PS 8 + Cement B) | |
SiO2 | 56.93 | 46.11 | 54.24 | 48.08 |
Al2O3 | 22.09 | 17.74 | 22.20 | 18.07 |
TiO2 | 1.74 | 2.73 | 1.56 | 2.87 |
Fe2O3 | 2.36 | 11.05 | 5.96 | 5.41 |
CaO | 13.65 | 18.99 | 12.56 | 22.21 |
MgO | 1.34 | 0.86 | 1.24 | 1.13 |
Na2O | 0.80 | 0.18 | 0.46 | 0.58 |
K2O | 0.57 | 1.39 | 1.14 | 0.78 |
P2O5 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.14 |
MnO | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
V2O5 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
SO3 | 0.46 | 0.76 | 0.50 | 0.68 |
Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
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Hanum, F.F.; Desfitri, E.R.; Hayakawa, Y.; Kambara, S. Preliminary Study on Additives for Controlling As, Se, B, and F Leaching from Coal Fly Ash. Minerals 2018, 8, 493. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110493
Hanum FF, Desfitri ER, Hayakawa Y, Kambara S. Preliminary Study on Additives for Controlling As, Se, B, and F Leaching from Coal Fly Ash. Minerals. 2018; 8(11):493. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110493
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanum, Farrah Fadhillah, Erda Rahmilaila Desfitri, Yukio Hayakawa, and Shinji Kambara. 2018. "Preliminary Study on Additives for Controlling As, Se, B, and F Leaching from Coal Fly Ash" Minerals 8, no. 11: 493. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110493