Geochronology and Geochemistry of Ore-Hosting Rhyolitic Tuff in the Kengdenongshe Polymetallic Deposit in the Eastern Segment of the East Kunlun Orogen
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Geological Setting and Sampling
2.1. Regional Geology
2.2. Geology of Kengdenongshe Deposit
3. Analytical Methods
3.1. LA-ICP-MS Zircon U–Pb Dating
3.2. Whole-Rock Major and Trace Elements Analyses
4. Results
4.1. Zircon U–Pb Age
4.2. Whole-Rock Geochemical Components
5. Discussion
5.1. Petrogenesis of Kengdenongshe Rhyolitic Tuff
5.2. The Geodynamic Background for the Magmatism
5.3. Implications on Links between the Magmatism and Mineralization
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating data show that ore-bearing rhyolitic tuffs were emplaced 243.3 ± 1.6 Ma. The crystallization age of the rhyolite tuff (~243 Ma) also represents the age of mineralization in the Kengdenongshe polymetallic deposit.
- (2)
- Kengdenongcuo rhyolitic tuff originated from fluid-absent melting of the plagioclase-poor, clay-rich metapelitic source and experienced minor fractional crystallization.
- (3)
- Kengdenongcuo rhyolitic tuff formed in a continental collision setting, which indicates that the Bayan Har–Songpan Ganzi Terrane collided with the East Kunlun Terrane and the Paleo-Tethys Ocean closed ~243 Ma.
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Spot | Concentrations (ppm) | Isotopic Ratios | Isotopic Age (Ma) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pb* | Th | U | Th/U | 207Pb/206Pb | ±1δ | 207Pb/235U | ±1δ | 206Pb/238U | ±1δ | 208Pb/232Th | ±1δ | 207Pb/235U | ±1δ | 206Pb/238U | ±1δ | |
KDNS-2-2-01 | 37 | 227 | 480 | 0.47 | 0.0524 | 0.0025 | 0.2778 | 0.0125 | 0.0385 | 0.0005 | 0.0134 | 0.0004 | 249 | 10 | 243 | 3 |
KDNS-2-2-10 | 51 | 659 | 916 | 0.72 | 0.0533 | 0.0024 | 0.2813 | 0.0123 | 0.0383 | 0.0004 | 0.0118 | 0.0002 | 252 | 10 | 242 | 3 |
KDNS-2-2-13 | 31 | 153 | 298 | 0.51 | 0.0570 | 0.0033 | 0.3016 | 0.0166 | 0.0384 | 0.0006 | 0.0133 | 0.0004 | 268 | 13 | 243 | 4 |
KDNS-2-2-18 | 52 | 347 | 457 | 0.76 | 0.0528 | 0.0064 | 0.2761 | 0.0329 | 0.0380 | 0.0011 | 0.0129 | 0.0009 | 248 | 26 | 240 | 7 |
KDNS-2-2-19 | 16 | 259 | 288 | 0.90 | 0.0562 | 0.0031 | 0.2999 | 0.0159 | 0.0387 | 0.0005 | 0.0122 | 0.0003 | 266 | 12 | 245 | 3 |
KDNS-2-2-22 | 21 | 323 | 395 | 0.82 | 0.0512 | 0.0023 | 0.2971 | 0.0130 | 0.0421 | 0.0005 | 0.0131 | 0.0003 | 264 | 10 | 266 | 3 |
KDNS-2-1-03 | 26 | 188 | 398 | 0.47 | 0.0552 | 0.0047 | 0.2963 | 0.0246 | 0.0390 | 0.0008 | 0.0123 | 0.0006 | 264 | 19 | 247 | 5 |
KDNS-2-1-15 | 41 | 444 | 581 | 0.77 | 0.0511 | 0.0022 | 0.2720 | 0.0112 | 0.0386 | 0.0004 | 0.0119 | 0.0002 | 244 | 9 | 244 | 3 |
KDNS-2-1-16 | 48 | 433 | 776 | 0.56 | 0.0518 | 0.0031 | 0.2644 | 0.0155 | 0.0370 | 0.0005 | 0.0116 | 0.0004 | 238 | 12 | 234 | 3 |
KDNS-2-1-17 | 13 | 125 | 165 | 0.76 | 0.0541 | 0.0061 | 0.2861 | 0.0317 | 0.0384 | 0.0010 | 0.0116 | 0.0006 | 256 | 25 | 243 | 6 |
KDNS-2-1-20 | 43 | 416 | 792 | 0.52 | 0.0584 | 0.0019 | 0.3094 | 0.0094 | 0.0385 | 0.0003 | 0.0119 | 0.0002 | 274 | 7 | 243 | 2 |
Sample | KD2-1 | KD2-2 | KD2-3 | KD2-4 | KD2-5 | KD2-6 | KD2-7 | KD2-8 | KD2-9 | KD2-10 | KD2-11 | KD2-12 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | 78.84 | 77.74 | 77.5 | 76.43 | 76.84 | 77.4 | 77.77 | 78.53 | 82.62 | 78.78 | 79.21 | 78.78 |
TiO2 | 0.075 | 0.062 | 0.064 | 0.067 | 0.058 | 0.071 | 0.054 | 0.069 | 0.026 | 0.073 | 0.072 | 0.056 |
Al2O3 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 12.7 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.0 | 11.6 | 9.2 | 11.6 | 11.0 | 11.4 |
FeO | 0.250 | 0.590 | 0.300 | 0.510 | 0.360 | 0.310 | 0.340 | 0.370 | 0.280 | 0.200 | 0.380 | 0.210 |
Fe2O3 | 0.572 | 0.707 | 0.676 | 0.702 | 0.722 | 0.714 | 0.669 | 0.627 | 0.426 | 0.648 | 0.893 | 0.804 |
MnO | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.004 |
MgO | 0.63 | 0.68 | 0.676 | 0.745 | 0.703 | 0.749 | 0.685 | 0.668 | 0.371 | 0.616 | 0.59 | 0.608 |
CaO | 0.097 | 0.124 | 0.096 | 0.106 | 0.102 | 0.1 | 0.102 | 0.096 | 0.1 | 0.112 | 0.099 | 0.095 |
Na2O | 0.491 | 0.347 | 0.348 | 0.352 | 0.362 | 0.364 | 0.416 | 0.417 | 2.31 | 2.46 | 1.93 | 2.01 |
K2O | 5.61 | 5.89 | 5.94 | 6.03 | 5.99 | 5.95 | 5.78 | 5.57 | 2.94 | 3.47 | 3.41 | 3.66 |
P2O5 | 0.015 | 0.02 | 0.023 | 0.025 | 0.024 | 0.013 | 0.019 | 0.024 | 0.012 | 0.019 | 0.02 | 0.019 |
LOI | 1.81 | 2.12 | 2.08 | 2.39 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.91 | 1.8 | 1.38 | 1.71 | 2.21 | 2.08 |
Total | 99.8 | 100.1 | 99.8 | 100.1 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.9 | 99.7 |
Li | 7.77 | 10.4 | 7.27 | 7.02 | 9.18 | 8.45 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 15.5 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 11.4 |
Be | 0.856 | 1.02 | 1.25 | 0.84 | 1.08 | 1.01 | 1.09 | 0.987 | 0.819 | 0.996 | 0.967 | 0.945 |
Sc | 3.32 | 3.84 | 4.05 | 3.96 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.88 | 2.9 | 3.73 | 3.8 | 3.71 |
V | 6.63 | 5.8 | 5.25 | 5.71 | 8.07 | 8.89 | 7.51 | 6.83 | 5.23 | 4.79 | 6.4 | 5.8 |
Cr | 1.82 | 2.74 | 3.73 | 3.5 | 0.59 | 1.36 | 1.57 | 0.909 | 0.987 | 1.44 | 0.781 | 2.65 |
Co | 0.135 | 0.132 | 0.141 | 0.206 | 0.104 | 0.119 | 0.107 | 0.112 | 0.165 | 0.1 | 0.084 | 0.113 |
Ni | 0.86 | 0.917 | 0.929 | 1.32 | 0.428 | 1.11 | 0.937 | 0.541 | 0.82 | 0.802 | 0.519 | 1.61 |
Cu | 24.3 | 42.4 | 37.5 | 36 | 42.3 | 29.6 | 33.5 | 31.4 | 54.8 | 36.5 | 53.6 | 47.2 |
Zn | 61.4 | 105 | 114 | 117 | 122 | 73.3 | 78.4 | 78.4 | 114 | 84.4 | 108 | 89.5 |
Ga | 15.4 | 17.2 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17 | 18 | 16.8 | 17.3 | 11.5 | 14.8 | 15.3 | 15.4 |
Rb | 177 | 197 | 194 | 195 | 195 | 205 | 195 | 197 | 92.2 | 131 | 130 | 133 |
Sr | 44.8 | 58.2 | 65.1 | 63.6 | 64.3 | 53.7 | 55.4 | 50.4 | 63.2 | 58.2 | 52 | 61.3 |
Y | 12.2 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 12.3 | 12.4 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 11.2 | 10.9 |
Zr | 89.6 | 93.2 | 91.5 | 91.1 | 92.5 | 99.9 | 95.9 | 99 | 72.5 | 92.8 | 94.1 | 91.1 |
Nb | 11.1 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 12 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 8.57 | 11 | 11.5 | 11.7 |
Mo | 1.42 | 6.02 | 3.22 | 2.2 | 3.14 | 1.56 | 2.08 | 2.51 | 1.01 | 0.531 | 1.31 | 0.807 |
Cd | 0.396 | 0.22 | 0.188 | 0.19 | 0.174 | 0.382 | 0.266 | 0.289 | 0.382 | 0.402 | 0.343 | 0.355 |
In | 0.022 | 0.019 | 0.024 | 0.02 | 0.025 | 0.014 | 0.023 | 0.02 | 0.028 | 0.017 | 0.027 | 0.021 |
Sb | 3.46 | 4.79 | 4.2 | 4.31 | 4.6 | 4.15 | 4.42 | 4.14 | 264 | 5.02 | 6.92 | 6.1 |
Cs | 1.61 | 2.05 | 2.03 | 2.05 | 1.92 | 1.86 | 1.74 | 1.84 | 1.3 | 2.38 | 2.52 | 2.38 |
Ba | 2610 | 3689 | 3925 | 3333 | 4833 | 3367 | 4187 | 3000 | 5875 | 2785 | 2777 | 4698 |
Hf | 3.1 | 3.32 | 3.18 | 3.19 | 3.19 | 3.34 | 3.34 | 3.54 | 2.47 | 3.15 | 3.22 | 3.09 |
Ta | 1.02 | 1.05 | 1.02 | 1.05 | 1.05 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.14 | 0.799 | 0.912 | 0.959 | 1.1 |
W | 1.31 | 1.48 | 1.39 | 1.5 | 1.37 | 1.5 | 1.44 | 1.4 | 1.98 | 1.59 | 1.75 | 1.81 |
Re | 0.005 | 0.009 | 0.02 | <0.002 | 0.012 | 0.02 | 0.009 | 0.015 | 0.014 | 0.004 | 0.01 | 0.007 |
Tl | 13.3 | 14.9 | 14.6 | 14.3 | 13.9 | 14 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 10.7 | 13.2 | 14.1 | 14.4 |
Pb | 118 | 380 | 402 | 427 | 412 | 125 | 162 | 199 | 278 | 85 | 364 | 148 |
Bi | 0.316 | 0.328 | 0.333 | 0.316 | 0.327 | 0.302 | 0.299 | 0.328 | 0.267 | 0.259 | 0.302 | 0.331 |
Th | 13.7 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 14.9 | 14.7 | 15.3 | 14.5 | 15.3 | 12.4 | 13.5 | 14.4 | 14.6 |
U | 3.75 | 3.6 | 3.68 | 3.44 | 3.38 | 3.68 | 3.52 | 3.84 | 2.02 | 2.26 | 2.66 | 2.78 |
La | 32 | 34.8 | 35.2 | 34.4 | 34.2 | 36.1 | 34.2 | 35.6 | 29.7 | 31 | 32.6 | 34 |
Ce | 55.5 | 60 | 60.8 | 59.9 | 59.2 | 62.9 | 59.2 | 62.1 | 51.4 | 54.2 | 56.5 | 58.1 |
Pr | 5.79 | 6.24 | 6.28 | 6.19 | 6.13 | 6.52 | 6.11 | 6.36 | 5.17 | 5.56 | 5.76 | 5.97 |
Nd | 19.3 | 20.7 | 21 | 20.4 | 20.2 | 21.8 | 20.5 | 21.2 | 16.9 | 18.4 | 19 | 19.8 |
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Liang, Y.-Y.; Xia, R.; Shan, X.; Ma, Y.; Zhao, E.-Q.; Guo, W. Geochronology and Geochemistry of Ore-Hosting Rhyolitic Tuff in the Kengdenongshe Polymetallic Deposit in the Eastern Segment of the East Kunlun Orogen. Minerals 2019, 9, 589. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9100589
Liang Y-Y, Xia R, Shan X, Ma Y, Zhao E-Q, Guo W. Geochronology and Geochemistry of Ore-Hosting Rhyolitic Tuff in the Kengdenongshe Polymetallic Deposit in the Eastern Segment of the East Kunlun Orogen. Minerals. 2019; 9(10):589. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9100589
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiang, Ya-Yun, Rui Xia, Xiaoyu Shan, Yao Ma, En-Quan Zhao, and Wenhui Guo. 2019. "Geochronology and Geochemistry of Ore-Hosting Rhyolitic Tuff in the Kengdenongshe Polymetallic Deposit in the Eastern Segment of the East Kunlun Orogen" Minerals 9, no. 10: 589. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9100589