Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of Vein Quartz Associated with the Nabeba Iron Deposit, Republic of Congo: Implications for the Enrichment of Hypogene Ores
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Geological Setting
3. Sampling and Analytical Methods
4. Results
4.1. Ore Mineral Parageneses
4.2. Quartz Veins Associated with Nabeba Hypogene Iron Ore
4.3. Fluid Inclusion Study
4.3.1. Fluid Inclusion Petrography
4.3.2. Microthermometry and Raman Spectrometry
4.4. Oxygen Isotopes
5. Discussion
5.1. Trapping Mechanism and Implications for Temperature, Pressure, and depth Conditions of Hypogene Iron Ore Mineralization
5.2. Nature and Origin of the Hypogene Ore-Forming Fluids
5.3. Comparison with Other BIF-Hosted Iron Ore Deposits.
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stage | Samples | F.I Type (*n) | Size (μm) | Tm_ice (°C) | Tm_CO2 | Th_CO2 | Th _Total (°C) | Tm_Clathrate | Ts_Halite (°C) | Salinity (wt. % NaCl Equiv.) | Bulk Density (g/cm3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HO-1 stage | Quartz vein A associated with hypogene hematite-rich ore (Samples AV8, AV9, AV10, AV14-1, AV14-2, AV14-3, AV15) | Type I (9) | 5–10 | −60.4 to −56.7 | 18.3 to 30.7 | 0.55 to 0.79 | |||||
Type IIa Aqueous (64) | 6–22 | −10.6 to −0.6 | 203 to 405 | 1 to 15 | 0.59 to 0.98 | ||||||
Type IIb Aqueous (3) | 7.5–15.8 | −4.9 to −3.3 | 338 to 378 | 5.4 to 7.7 | 0.64 to 0.70 | ||||||
Type IIIa Aqueous (4) | 9–12 | 210 to 321 | 165 to 250 | 30 to 35 | 1.01 to 1.10 | ||||||
Type IIIb Aqueous-carbonic (12) | 7–13.5 | −59.9 to −56.7 | 14.2 to 29.9 | 235 to 369 | 3.5 to 8.6 | 2.8 to 11.2 | 0.89 to 1.04 | ||||
HO-2 stage | Quartz vein B associated with hypogene magnetite-rich ore (Samples AV25-1, AV25-2, AV26) | Type IIa Aqueous (33) | 5–13.9 | −7.1 to −0.4 | 150 to 290 | 0.7 to 10.6 | 0.76 to 0.97 | ||||
Type IIb Aqueous (2) | 6–8 | −3.3 to −1.1 | 211 to 228 | 1.9 to 5.4 | 0.85 to 0.90 |
Sample Number | Sample Description | δ18OV-SMOW (‰) | Ttmin | δ18Ofluid (‰) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CG-NB_AV25 | Quartz vein B, HO-2 stage | 13.2 | 150 | −2.3 |
CG-NB_AV26 | Quartz vein B, HO-2 stage | 14 | 150 | −1.5 |
CG-NB_AV8 | Quartz vein A, HO-1 stage | 18.9 | 203–215 | 7.4–8.1 |
CG- NB_AV15 | Quartz vein A, HO-1 stage | 16.2 | 203–215 | 4.7–5.4 |
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Gatsé Ebotehouna, C.; Xie, Y.; Adomako-Ansah, K.; Pei, L. Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of Vein Quartz Associated with the Nabeba Iron Deposit, Republic of Congo: Implications for the Enrichment of Hypogene Ores. Minerals 2019, 9, 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9110677
Gatsé Ebotehouna C, Xie Y, Adomako-Ansah K, Pei L. Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of Vein Quartz Associated with the Nabeba Iron Deposit, Republic of Congo: Implications for the Enrichment of Hypogene Ores. Minerals. 2019; 9(11):677. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9110677
Chicago/Turabian StyleGatsé Ebotehouna, Chesther, Yuling Xie, Kofi Adomako-Ansah, and Liang Pei. 2019. "Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of Vein Quartz Associated with the Nabeba Iron Deposit, Republic of Congo: Implications for the Enrichment of Hypogene Ores" Minerals 9, no. 11: 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9110677