A Novel Mathematical Approach to Model Multi-Agent-Based Main Grid and Microgrid Networks for Complete System Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Preliminaries and Basic Definitions
2.1. Power Systems
2.2. Algebraic Graph Theortic Model of Power Network
2.3. Power Microgrid
- The connectivity of the microgrid with the power network is at MV or LV level;
- The point of connectivity of the microgrid to the remaining power network is the point of common coupling (PCC), i.e., single point of connection;
- A microgrid comprises power generation units, energy storage elements, transmission and distribution lines, protection components, management systems, and loads;
- The capacity of power generation and storage in a microgrid must be enough to meet the demand requirements for some time period;
- Microgrid operations are either grid-connected or islanded and controller design operational modes vary accordingly.
3. Graph Theoretic Analysis and Control of Power Systems
Graph Theoretic Analysis and Modeling of Power System
4. Inverter Interface Microgrid Components and Control Strategies Review
4.1. Modeling of Microgrid
4.2. Modeling of Power Electronic Inverter
4.3. Modeling of Power Transmission Lines
4.4. Modeling of Microgrid Protection System
4.5. Microgrid Model
Modeling of Power Microgrid in Island Mode
4.6. Control Strategies for the Power Microgrid: Review
5. Challenges and Opportunities in the Power Systems’ Stability and Control
5.1. Challenges in Energy Storage Units
5.2. Challenges in Transmission and Distribution Systems
5.3. Challenges in Distributed Control
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Main Grid | ||
---|---|---|
Generation Unit | Capacity | Properties |
Wind Power | 4.5 MW | 13.5 m/s nominal speed |
Thermal | 15 MW | Diesel generator |
Solar PV | 8 MW | 8000 area |
Load = 10 MW | ||
Microgrid | ||
Generation Unit | Capacity | Properties |
Solar PV | 8 MW | 100 area |
Energy Storage | battery capacity (250 Ah) | Rechargeable |
Load = 6 MW |
Generation Source/Load | Base Voltage | Reference Voltage (Pu) |
---|---|---|
Thermal power generation | 25 kV | 1 pu |
Wind power generation | 0.6 kV | 1 pu |
Solar PV generation | 0.6 kV | 1 pu |
Load | 1 kV | 1 pu |
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Hamza, A.; Rizvi, S.T.H.; Safder, M.U.; Asif, H. A Novel Mathematical Approach to Model Multi-Agent-Based Main Grid and Microgrid Networks for Complete System Analysis. Machines 2022, 10, 110. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10020110
Hamza A, Rizvi STH, Safder MU, Asif H. A Novel Mathematical Approach to Model Multi-Agent-Based Main Grid and Microgrid Networks for Complete System Analysis. Machines. 2022; 10(2):110. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10020110
Chicago/Turabian StyleHamza, Ameer, Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi, Muhammad Umair Safder, and Haleema Asif. 2022. "A Novel Mathematical Approach to Model Multi-Agent-Based Main Grid and Microgrid Networks for Complete System Analysis" Machines 10, no. 2: 110. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10020110