µ-Crystallin Is Associated with Disease Outcome in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Patient Population
2.2. Assessment of Thyroid Function
2.3. Tissue Microarray/Immunohistochemistry
2.4. Secondary Dataset
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characterisitcs
3.2. Clinical Outcome and Association with TSH Levels and CRYM Status
3.3. Validation of Our Findings in an Independent Dataset
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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TMA | TCGA | |
---|---|---|
(n = 121) | (n = 443) | |
Gender | ||
Female | 28 (23%) | 119 (27%) |
Male | 93 (77%) | 324 (73%) |
Age at diagnosis | 59 | 61 |
(Q1–Q3) | (53–63) | (53–68) |
T-stage | ||
T1 | 24 (20%) | 47 (11%) |
T2 | 63 (52%) | 132 (30%) |
T3 | 21 (17%) | 96 (22%) |
T4 | 10 (2%) | |
T4A | 13 (11%) | 154 (35%) |
T4B | 4 (1%) | |
N-stage | ||
N0 | 23 (25%) | 169 (38%) |
N1 | 23 (25%) | 66 (15%) |
N2 | - | 11 (2%) |
N2a | 7 (8%) | 8 (2%) |
N2b | 31 (33%) | 95 (21%) |
N2c | 8 (9%) | 48 (11%) |
N3 | 1 (1%) | 8 (2%) |
N0 (HPV+) | 2 (8%) | - |
N1 (HPV+) | 5 (20%) | - |
N2 (HPV+) | 16 (64%) | - |
N3 (HPV+) | 2 (8%) | - |
NX | - | 38 (9%) |
TNM staging | n = 435 | |
I–II | 40 (33%) | 100 (23%) |
III–IV | 81 (67%) | 335 (77%) |
HPV | n = 118 | n = 421 |
+ | 25 (21%) | 49 (12%) |
− | 93 (79%) | 372 (88%) |
Primum | ||
Hypopharynx | 21 (17%) | 8 (2%) |
Larynx | 14 (12%) | 100 (235) |
Oral cavity | 32 (26%) | 284 (64%) |
Oropharynx | 54 (45%) | 49 (11%) |
Alcohol use | n = 106 | NA |
Non-drinker | 65 (61%) | |
Active drinker | 41 (39%) | |
Smoking status | n = 120 | |
Non/ex-smoker | 38 (32%) | 274 (64%) |
Smoker | 82 (68%) | 154 (36%) |
Marker expression | n = 118 | |
CRYM + | 15 (13%) | 17 (4%) |
TSH | n = 50 | NA |
Low | 5 (10%) |
Univariable | Multivariable | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | p-Value | HR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
Overall survival | ||||||
TSH low | 2.99 | 1.01–8.87 | 0.047 | - | - | - |
CRYM+ | 0.29 | 0.09–0.93 | 0.037 | 0.27 | 0.08–0.89 | 0.032 |
| 0.62 | 0.15–2.60 | 0.522 | 10.7 | 0.84–137.6 | 0.067 |
| 0.12 | 0.01–0.87 | 0.036 | 0.11 | 0.01–0.84 | 0.033 |
Disease-free survival | ||||||
TSH low | 1.54 | 0.35–6.75 | 0.564 | - | - | - |
CRYM+ | 0.27 | 0.06–1.12 | 0.072 | 0.26 | 0.06–1.11 | 0.070 |
| 0.39 | 0.05–2.94 | 0.368 | 0.53 | 0.06–4.25 | 0.554 |
| 0.18 | 0.02–1.37 | 0.100 | 0.18 | 0.02–1.40 | 0.104 |
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Jank, B.J.; Haas, M.; Schnoell, J.; Schlederer, M.; Heiduschka, G.; Kenner, L.; Kadletz-Wanke, L. µ-Crystallin Is Associated with Disease Outcome in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 1330. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11121330
Jank BJ, Haas M, Schnoell J, Schlederer M, Heiduschka G, Kenner L, Kadletz-Wanke L. µ-Crystallin Is Associated with Disease Outcome in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(12):1330. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11121330
Chicago/Turabian StyleJank, Bernhard J., Markus Haas, Julia Schnoell, Michaela Schlederer, Gregor Heiduschka, Lukas Kenner, and Lorenz Kadletz-Wanke. 2021. "µ-Crystallin Is Associated with Disease Outcome in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma" Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 12: 1330. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11121330