Analysis of SYK Gene as a Prognostic Biomarker and Suggested Potential Bioactive Phytochemicals as an Alternative Therapeutic Option for Colorectal Cancer: An In-Silico Pharmaco-Informatics Investigation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods and Materials
2.1. The Analysis of SYK Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer
2.2. Mutation and Copy Number Alteration Determination in the SYK Gene
2.3. Survival Assay Analysis
2.4. Correlation Analysis and Interaction Network
2.5. Target Identification of the SYK Gene for Colorectal Cancer
2.6. Pharmacokinetics Analysis
2.7. Extracting Lead Molecule for Optimization
2.8. Extraction of Proteins and Preparation for Docking
2.9. Molecular Docking and Post-Docking Data Visualization
2.10. Molecular Dynamics Simulation
3. Results
3.1. Expression Analysis of the SYK Gene
3.2. Genetic Alteration Analysis in SYK Protein Sequences Associated with Colorectal Cancer Development
3.3. Prognostic Value of SYK and Survival Analysis
3.4. Analysis of Correlated Genes and Preparation of an Interaction Network
3.5. Pharmacokinetics Analysis
3.6. Molecular Docking and Post-Docking Data Analysis
3.7. Molecular Dynamics Simulation (MDS)
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cancer Study | Sample Size | Protein Change | Mutation Type | Sample ID |
---|---|---|---|---|
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (Genentech, Nature 2012) | 74 | A52T | Missense | 587376 |
V633M | Missense | 587342 | ||
P85L | Missense | 587332 | ||
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (DFCI, Cell Reports 2016) | 619 | A353V | Missense | coadread_dfci_2016_68 |
S511N | Missense | coadread_dfci_2016_1762 | ||
L143M | Missense | coadread_dfci_2016_197 | ||
N406Tfs*13 | FS del | coadread_dfci_2016_207430 | ||
N406Tfs*13 | FS del | coadread_dfci_2016_2944 | ||
R520H | Missense | coadread_dfci_2016_2372 | ||
P430L | Missense | coadread_dfci_2016_3048 | ||
K397E | Missense | coadread_dfci_2016_3670 | ||
R109Q | Missense | coadread_dfci_2016_62 | ||
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (TCGA, Firehose Legacy) | 640 | M166Nfs*14 | FS ins | TCGA-AG-A02N-01 |
K387N | Missense | TCGA-AF-3913-01 | ||
R574* | Nonsense | TCGA-AG-A002-01 | ||
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (TCGA, Nature 2012) | 276 | M166Nfs*14 | FS ins | TCGA-AG-A02N-01 |
K387N | Missense | TCGA-AF-3913-01 | ||
R574* | Nonsense | TCGA-AG-A002-01 | ||
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (TCGA, PanCancer Atlas) | 594 | A353T | Missense | TCGA-D5-6922-01 |
M166Nfs*14 | FS ins | TCGA-AG-A02N-01 | ||
R574* | Nonsense | TCGA-AG-A002-01 | ||
R574* | Nonsense | TCGA-F5-6814-01 | ||
F549L | Missense | TCGA-F5-6814-01 | ||
K105N | Missense | TCGA-AG-A00Y-01 | ||
D344G | Missense | TCGA-F5-6814-01 | ||
P119S | Missense | TCGA-A6-2686-01 | ||
Y91C | Missense | TCGA-AY-6197-01 | ||
T345R | Missense | TCGA-G4-6586-01 | ||
E442Sfs*31 | FS del | TCGA-WS-AB45-01 | ||
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (MSKCC, Cancer Cell 2018) | 1134 | R42C | Missense | P-0004602-T01-IM5 |
R42C | Missense | P-0005230-T01-IM5 | ||
R45C | Missense | P-0013492-T01-IM5 | ||
G33Afs*2 | FS del | P-0006365-T01-IM5 | ||
G33Afs*2 | FS del | P-0013876-T01-IM5 | ||
A286V | Missense | P-0010929-T01-IM5 | ||
E442K | Missense | P-0010587-T01-IM5 | ||
A282V | Missense | P-0005443-T01-IM5 | ||
S84T | Missense | P-0005823-T01-IM5 | ||
E144G | Missense | P-0010581-T01-IM5 | ||
R367* | Nonsense | P-0006960-T01-IM5 | ||
P411L | Missense | P-0006960-T01-IM5 | ||
V560A | Missense | P-0006960-T01-IM5 | ||
H62R | Missense | P-0005455-T01-IM5 | ||
V433M | Missense | P-0005455-T01-IM5 | ||
G185* | Nonsense | P-0002671-T01-IM3 | ||
R175Gfs*4 | FS del | P-0002671-T01-IM3 | ||
Y47N | Missense | P-0000769-T01-IM3 | ||
K509R | Missense | P-0001500-T03-IM5 | ||
M166Nfs*14 | FS ins | P-0007831-T01-IM5 | ||
E230G | Missense | P-0013227-T01-IM5 | ||
Rectal Cancer (MSK, Nature Medicine 2019) | 339 | V633M | Missense | RC-MSK-008-pt |
V633M | Missense | RC-MSK-008-tm | ||
K509R | Missense | P-0001500-T03-IM5 | ||
Colon Cancer (CPTAC-2 Prospective, Cell 2019) | 110 | G33Afs*2 | FS del | 05CO041 |
A83T | Missense | 01CO014 | ||
A412S | Missense | 05CO015 | ||
Y47C | Missense | 11CO059 |
Name of Phytochemicals/ADMET Values | Physiochemical Properties | Pharmacokinetics Properties | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MO | HBA | HBD | Log P | RB | IAb | TCl | LD50 | HPT | AMT | MTHD | CaP | CTOR | |
Capecitabine (Control) | 359.354 | 8 | 3 | 0.7602 | 6 | 68.027 | 1.054 | 2.459 | Yes | No | 1.051 | 0.255 | 2.401 |
Glabridin | 324.376 | 4 | 2 | 4.0007 | 1 | 94.164 | 0.121 | 2.523 | No | No | −0.395 | 1.284 | 1.148 |
Curcumin | 368.385 | 6 | 2 | 3.3699 | 8 | 82.19 | −0.002 | 1.833 | No | No | 0.081 | −0.093 | 2.228 |
Kaempferol | 286.23 | 6 | 4 | 2.2824 | 1 | 74.29 | 0.477 | 2.449 | No | No | 0.531 | 0.032 | 2.505 |
Quercetin | 302.238 | 7 | 5 | 1.988 | 1 | 77.207 | 0.407 | 2.471 | No | No | 0.499 | −0.229 | 2.612 |
Genistein | 270.24 | 5 | 3 | 2.5768 | 1 | 93.387 | 0.151 | 2.268 | No | No | 0.478 | 0.9 | 2.189 |
Ligands Name | Binding Affinity (Kcal/mol) | Amino Acid Involved Interaction | |
---|---|---|---|
Hydrogen Bond Interaction | Hydrophobic Bond Interaction | ||
Capecitabine (Control) | −6.5 | Asp612 (2.89 Å), Glu614 (2.85 Å), Glu614 (3.08 Å) and Tyr546 (2.79 Å) | Glu452, Glu586, Glu542, Leu453, Lys548, Tyr611, Val613, Val503 |
Glabridin | −8.2 | Asn545 (2.94 Å), Tyr611 (2.79 Å) and Val613 (3.08 Å) | Asp612, Gln462, Glu542, Leu453, Pro541, Tyr546 |
Curcumin | −8.0 | Asn524 (3.10 Å) andAsn524 (3.14 Å) | Asn545, Asp612, Glu542, Glu586, Glu614, Leu453, Lys548, Ser550, Thr504, Tyr525, Tyr546, Tyr611, Val613 |
Kaempferol | −7.3 | Asn524 (3.11 Å), Ser550 (3.05 Å) and Tyr546 (3.18 Å) | Glu614, Glu542, Lys548, Phe549, Tyr525, Val613 |
Quercetin | −7.2 | Asn524 (3.06 Å), Asn524 (3.16 Å), Asp612 (3.06 Å), and Ser550 (3.11 Å) | Glu542, Glu614, Lys548, Phe549, Tyr525, Tyr546, Val613 |
Genistein | −7.1 | Glu614 (2.86 Å) and Tyr546 (3.04 Å) | Asn524, Glu542, Lys548, Ser550, Tyr525, Val613. |
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Biswas, P.; Dey, D.; Rahman, A.; Islam, M.A.; Susmi, T.F.; Kaium, M.A.; Hasan, M.N.; Rahman, M.H.; Mahmud, S.; Saleh, M.A.; et al. Analysis of SYK Gene as a Prognostic Biomarker and Suggested Potential Bioactive Phytochemicals as an Alternative Therapeutic Option for Colorectal Cancer: An In-Silico Pharmaco-Informatics Investigation. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 888. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11090888
Biswas P, Dey D, Rahman A, Islam MA, Susmi TF, Kaium MA, Hasan MN, Rahman MH, Mahmud S, Saleh MA, et al. Analysis of SYK Gene as a Prognostic Biomarker and Suggested Potential Bioactive Phytochemicals as an Alternative Therapeutic Option for Colorectal Cancer: An In-Silico Pharmaco-Informatics Investigation. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(9):888. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11090888
Chicago/Turabian StyleBiswas, Partha, Dipta Dey, Atikur Rahman, Md. Aminul Islam, Tasmina Ferdous Susmi, Md. Abu Kaium, Md. Nazmul Hasan, MD. Hasanur Rahman, Shafi Mahmud, Md. Abu Saleh, and et al. 2021. "Analysis of SYK Gene as a Prognostic Biomarker and Suggested Potential Bioactive Phytochemicals as an Alternative Therapeutic Option for Colorectal Cancer: An In-Silico Pharmaco-Informatics Investigation" Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 9: 888. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11090888