Vaccination Coverage against Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis and Poliomyelitis and Validity of Self-Reported Vaccination Status in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Cohort
2.2. Data Acquisition
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Data
3.2. Vaccination Survey Data
3.3. Comparison between Patients with Complete and Incomplete Vaccination Status
3.4. Comparison between Patients with Correct and Incorrect Vaccination Self-Assessment
3.5. Comparison of Patients with Different Persons Who Regularly Check Their Vaccination Cards
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Vaccination | RKI Recommendations 2020/21 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Childhood Basic Immunization | Childhood Booster Immunization | Adult Immunization | |
Tetanus | Three vaccinations at 2, 4 and 11 months of age | At 5–6 years and 9–16 years of age | All persons in case of missing or incomplete basic immunization or if the last basic immunization or the last booster vaccination is longer than 10 years ago |
Diphtheria | Three vaccinations at 2, 4 and 11 months of age | At 5–6 years and 9–16 years of age | All persons in case of missing or incomplete basic immunization or if the last basic immunization or the last booster vaccination is longer than 10 years ago |
Pertussis | Three vaccinations at 2, 4 and 11 months of age | At 5–6 years and 9–16 years of age | It is recommended that the next Td vaccinations given as a single Tdap combination vaccination |
Poliomyelitis | Three vaccinations at 2, 4 and 11 months of age | Between the ages of 9–16 years | All persons with missing or incomplete basic immunization and all persons without a booster vaccination |
n (%) | Range | Mean (SD) | Median | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
Female | 225 (68.8) | |||
Male | 102 (31.2) | |||
Age (years) | 19–80 | 47.3 (13.1) | 49.0 | |
Place of residence | ||||
Rural area | 133 (40.7) | |||
Small town | 49 (15.0) | |||
Medium-sized town | 61 (18.7) | |||
City | 84 (25.7) | |||
Partnership | ||||
Single | 61 (18.7) | |||
In a relationship | 65 (19.9) | |||
Married | 181 (55.4) | |||
Divorced | 12 (3.7) | |||
Widowed | 8 (2.4) | |||
Number of children | 0–4 | 1.2 (0.9) | 1.0 | |
0 | 91 (27.8) | |||
1 | 88 (26.9) | |||
2 | 130 (39.8) | |||
3 | 15 (4.6) | |||
4 | 3 (0.9) | |||
Number of siblings | 0–9 | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.0 | |
0 | 32 (9.8) | |||
1 | 169 (51.7) | |||
≥2 | 126 (38.5) | |||
School years | 8–18 | 10.6 (1.3) | 10.0 | |
Educational level | ||||
No training | 11 (3.4) | |||
Skilled worker | 198 (60.6) | |||
Technical college | 59 (18.0) | |||
University | 59 (18.0) | |||
Employment status | ||||
Training/student | 5 (1.5) | |||
Fulltime employed | 94 (28.7) | |||
Part-time employed | 74 (22.6) | |||
Unemployed | 13 (4.0) | |||
Disability pension | 105 (32.1) | |||
Retirement pension | 29 (8.9) | |||
Other | 7 (2.1) | |||
Patient care | ||||
Outpatients | 258 (78.9) | |||
Inpatients | 69 (21.1) | |||
Course of disease | ||||
CIS | 16 (4.9) | |||
RRMS | 221 (67.6) | |||
SPMS | 63 (19.3) | |||
PPMS | 27 (8.3) | |||
Disease duration (years) | 0–41 | 11.6 (8.6) | 10.0 | |
EDSS score | 0–8.0 | 3.3 (2.1) | 3.0 | |
DMD treatment | ||||
Yes | 258 (78.9) | |||
No | 69 (21.1) | |||
Comorbidities | ||||
Yes | 244 (74.6) | |||
No | 83 (25.4) |
Tetanus (n = 327) | Diphtheria (n = 327) | Pertussis (n = 317) | Polio (n = 303) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Complete vs. Incomplete | p-Value | Complete vs. Incomplete | p-Value | Complete vs. Incomplete | p-Value | Complete vs. Incomplete | p-Value | |
n | 260 vs. 67 | 259 vs. 68 | 237 vs. 80 | 257 vs. 46 | ||||
Sex c | 0.077 Fi | 0.056 Fi | 0.069 Fi | 0.302 Fi | ||||
Female | 185 (71.2) vs. 40 (59.7) | 185 (71.4) vs. 40 (58.8) | 170 (71.7) vs. 48 (60.0) | 179 (69.7) vs. 28 (60.9) | ||||
Male | 75 (28.8) vs. 27 (40.3) | 74 (28.6) vs. 28 (41.2) | 67 (28.3) vs. 32 (40.0) | 78 (30.3) vs. 18 (39.1) | ||||
Age (years) a | 47.7 (12.9) vs. 45.9 (13.8) | 0.325 t | 47.7 (12.9) vs. 45.9 (13.7) | 0.306 t | 47.8 (12.9) vs. 45.2 (13.5) | 0.127 t | 46.7 (12.7) vs. 49.2 (14.3) | 0.213 t |
Place of residence c | 0.284 Chi | 0.322 Chi | 0.135 Chi | 0.010Chi | ||||
Rural area | 109 (41.9) vs. 24 (35.8) | 108 (41.7) vs. 25 (36.8) | 102 (43.0) vs. 27 (33.8) | 112 (43.6) vs. 15 (32.6) | ||||
Small town | 34 (13.1) vs. 15 (22.4) | 34 (13.1) vs. 15 (22.0) | 29 (12.2) vs. 18 (22.5) | 33 (12.8) vs. 13 (28.3) | ||||
Medium-sized town | 50 (19.2) vs. 11 (16.4) | 50 (19.3) vs. 11 (16.2) | 44 (18.6) vs. 14 (17.5) | 40 (15.6) vs. 11 (23.9) | ||||
City | 67 (25.8) vs. 17 (25.4) | 67 (25.9) vs. 17 (25.0) | 62 (26.2) vs. 21 (26.2) | 72 (28.0) vs. 7 (15.2) | ||||
Partnership c | 0.872 Chi | 0.773 Chi | 0.898 Chi | 0.143 Chi | ||||
Single | 48 (18.5) vs. 13 (19.4) | 48 (18.5) vs. 13 (19.1) | 43 (18.1) vs. 17 (21.3) | 48 (18.7) vs. 11 (23.9) | ||||
In a relationship | 49 (18.8) vs. 16 (23.9) | 48 (18.5) vs. 17 (25.0) | 46 (19.4) vs. 18 (22.5) | 56 (21.8) vs. 6 (13.0) | ||||
Married | 147 (56.5) vs. 34 (50.7) | 147 (56.8) vs. 34 (50.0) | 134 (56.5) vs. 40 (50.0) | 140 (54.5) vs. 24 (52.2) | ||||
Divorced | 10 (3.8) vs. 2 (3.0) | 10 (3.9) vs. 2 (2.9) | 8 (3.4) vs. 3 (3.7) | 6 (2.3) vs. 4 (8.7) | ||||
Widowed | 6 (2.3) vs. 2 (3.0) | 6 (2.3) vs. 2 (2.9) | 6 (2.5) vs. 2 (2.5) | 7 (2.7) vs. 1 (2.2) | ||||
Number of children a | 1.3 (0.9) vs. 1.2 (0.9) | 0.479 t | 1.3 (0.9) vs. 1.2 (0.9) | 0.542 t | 1.3 (0.9) vs. 1.1 (0.9) | 0.248 t | 1.2 (0.9) vs. 1.2 (1.0) | 0.644 t |
Number of siblings a | 1.6 (1.2) vs. 1.2 (0.8) | 0.008 *,t | 1.6 (1.2) vs. 1.2 (0.8) | 0.007 *,t | 1.6 (1.1) vs. 1.3 (1.1) | 0.083 t | 1.4 (1.0) vs. 1.7 (1.1) | 0.159 t |
School years a | 10.6 (1.3) vs. 10.6 (1.2) | 0.959 t | 10.6 (1.3) vs. 10.6 (1.2) | 0.992 t | 10.6 (1.3) vs. 10.7 (1.3) | 0.270 t | 10.7 (1.3) vs. 10.3 (1.1) | 0.090 t |
Educational level c | 0.826 Chi | 0.813 Chi | 0.131 Chi | 0.160 Chi | ||||
No training | 8 (3.1) vs. 3 (4.5) | 8 (3.1) vs. 3 (4.4) | 7 (2.9) vs. 4 (5.0) | 5 (2.0) vs. 3 (6.5) | ||||
Skilled worker | 160 (61.5) vs. 38 (56.7) | 160 (61.8) vs. 38 (55.9) | 148 (62.5) vs. 40 (50.0) | 153 (59.5) vs. 28 (60.9) | ||||
Technical college | 47 (18.1) vs. 12 (17.9) | 46 (17.8) vs. 13 (19.1) | 44 (18.6) vs. 15 (18.7) | 47 (18.3) vs. 10 (21.7) | ||||
University | 45 (17.3) vs. 14 (20.9) | 45 (17.4) vs. 14 (25.6) | 38 (16.0) vs. 21 (26.3) | 52 (20.2) vs. 5 (10.9) | ||||
Employment status c | 0.796 Chi | 0.782 Chi | 0.911 Chi | 0.646 Chi | ||||
Training/student | 4 (1.5) vs. 1 (1.5) | 4 (1.5) vs. 1 (1.5) | 3 (1.3) vs. 2 (2.5) | 4 (1.6) vs. 1 (2.2) | ||||
Full time employed | 74 (28.5) vs. 20 (29.8) | 73 (28.2) vs. 21 (30.9) | 70 (29.5) vs. 23 (28.7) | 82 (31.9) vs. 9 (19.5) | ||||
Part timer employed | 59 (22.7) vs. 15 (22.4) | 59 (22.8) vs. 15 (22.1) | 55 (23.2) vs. 18 (22.5) | 59 (22.9) vs. 11 (23.9) | ||||
Unemployed | 8 (3.1) vs. 5 (7.5) | 8 (3.1) vs. 5 (7.3) | 8 (3.4) vs. 5 (6.3) | 11 (4.3) vs. 1 (2.2) | ||||
Disability pension | 85 (32.7) vs. 20 (29.8) | 85 (32.8) vs. 20 (29.4) | 74 (31.2) vs. 24 (30.0) | 74 (28.8) vs. 18 (39.1) | ||||
Retirement pension | 24 (9.2) vs. 5 (7.5) | 24 (9.3) vs. 5 (7.3) | 22 (9.3) vs. 6 (7.5) | 21 (8.2) vs. 5 (10.9) | ||||
Other | 6 (2.3) vs. 1 (1.5) | 6 (2.3) vs. 1 (1.5) | 5 (2.1) vs. 2 (2.5) | 6 (2.3) vs. 1 (2.2) | ||||
Patient care c | 0.507 Fi | 0.617 Fi | 0.160 Fi | 0.243 Fi | ||||
Outpatients | 207 (79.6) vs. 51 (76.1) | 206 (79.5) vs. 52 (76.5) | 190 (80.2) vs. 58 (72.5) | 205 (79.8) vs. 33 (71.7) | ||||
Inpatients | 53 (20.4) vs. 16 (23.9) | 53 (20.5) vs. 16 (23.5) | 47 (19.8) vs. 22 (37.5) | 52 (20.2) vs. 13 (28.3) | ||||
Course of disease c | 0.588 Chi | 0.311 Chi | 0.422 Chi | 0.013 Chi | ||||
CIS | 11 (4.2) vs. 5 (7.5) | 10 (3.9) vs. 6 (8.8) | 10 (4.2) vs. 6 (7.5) | 12 (4.7) vs. 4 (8.7) | ||||
RRMS | 179 (68.8) vs. 42 (62.7) | 179 (69.1) vs. 42 (61.8) | 167 (70.5) vs. 49 (61.3) | 185 (72.0) vs. 22 (47.8) | ||||
SPMS | 48 (18.5) vs. 15 (22.3) | 48 (18.5) vs. 15 (22.1) | 41 (17.3) vs. 17 (21.2) | 42 (16.3) vs. 13 (28.3) | ||||
PPMS | 22 (8.5) vs. 5 (7.5) | 22 (8.5) vs. 5 (7.3) | 19 (8.0) vs. 8 (10.0) | 18 (7.0) vs. 7 (15.2) | ||||
Disease duration (years) b | 10.0 vs. 8.0 | 0.096 U | 12.0 vs. 9.8 | 0.059 U | 10.0 vs. 7.5 | 0.050 U | 10.0 vs. 9.0 | 0.468 U |
EDSS score b | 3.0 vs. 2.5 | 0.550 U | 3.0 vs. 2.5 | 0.416 U | 3.0 vs. 3.0 | 0.641 U | 3.0 vs. 3.5 | 0.331 U |
DMD treatment c | 1.000 Fi | 0.868 Fi | 0.875 Fi | 0.847 Fi | ||||
Yes | 205 (78.9) vs. 53 (79.1) | 205 (79.1) vs. 53 (77.9) | 185 (78.1) vs. 64 (80.0) | 200 (77.8) vs. 36 (78.3) | ||||
No | 55 (21.1) vs. 14 (20.9) | 54 (20.9) vs. 15 (22.1) | 52 (21.9) vs. 16 (20.0) | 57 (22.2) vs. 10 (21.7) | ||||
Comorbidities c | 0.532 Fi | 0.639 Fi | 0.140 Fi | 0.720 Fi | ||||
Yes | 196 (75.4) vs. 48 (71.6) | 195 (75.3) vs. 49 (72.1) | 181 (76.4) vs. 54 (67.5) | 187 (72.8) vs. 35 (76.1) | ||||
No | 64 (24.6) vs. 19 (28.4) | 64 (24.7) vs. 19 (27.9) | 56 (23.6) vs. 26 (32.5) | 70 (27.2) vs. 11 (23.9) |
Nobody | Family Doctor/ Neurologist | Others | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | 56 (17.1%) | 238 (72.8%) | 33 (10.1%) | |
Sex c | 0.037 Chi | |||
Female | 31 (55.4) | 168 (70.6) | 26 (78.8) | |
Male | 25 (44.6) | 70 (29.4) | 7 (21.2) | |
Age (years) a | 44.8 (13.3) | 47.9 (13.2) | 48.0 (11.5) | 0.270 ANOVA |
Place of residence c | 0.136 Chi | |||
Rural area | 25 (44.6) | 91 (38.2) | 17 (51.5) | |
Small town | 6 (10.7) | 41 (17.2) | 2 (6.1) | |
Medium-sized town | 13 (23.2) | 39 (16.4) | 9 (27.3) | |
City | 12 (21.4) | 67 (28.1) | 5 (15.1) | |
Partnership c | 0.625 Chi | |||
Single | 14 (25.0) | 41 (17.2) | 6 (18.2) | |
In a relationship | 12 (21.4) | 44 (18.5) | 9 (27.3) | |
Married | 26 (46.4) | 137 (57.6) | 18 (54.5) | |
Divorced | 2 (3.6) | 10 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
Widowed | 2 (3.6) | 6 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
Number of children a | 1.0 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.9) | 1.4 (1.1) | 0.121 ANOVA |
Number of siblings a | 1.1 (0.8) | 1.6 (1.2) | 1.6 (0.9) | 0.016 ANOVA |
School years a | 10.3 (1.1) | 10.6 (1.3) | 10.8 (1.3) | 0.151 ANOVA |
Educational level c | 0.126 Chi | |||
No training | 2 (3.6) | 8 (3.4) | 1 (3.0) | |
Skilled worker | 37 (66.1) | 142 (59.7) | 19 (57.6) | |
Technical college | 7 (12.5) | 50 (21.0) | 2 (6.1) | |
University | 10 (17.9) | 38 (16.0) | 11 (33.3) | |
Employment status c | 0.797 Chi | |||
Training/student | 2 (3.6) | 3 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
Fulltime employed | 18 (32.1) | 68 (28.6) | 8 (24.2) | |
Part-timer employed | 9 (16.1) | 54 (22.7) | 11 (33.3) | |
Unemployed | 3 (5.4) | 9 (3.8) | 1 (3.0) | |
Disability pensioned | 20 (35.7) | 75 (31.5) | 10 (30.3) | |
Retirement pensioned | 3 (5.4) | 23 (9.7) | 3 (9.1) | |
Other | 1 (1.8) | 6 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
Patient care c | 0.616 Chi | |||
Outpatients | 45 (80.4) | 185 (77.7) | 28 (84.8) | |
Inpatients | 11 (19.6) | 53 (22.3) | 5 (15.2) | |
Course of disease | 0.833 Chi | |||
CIS | 4 (7.1) | 11 (4.6) | 1 (3.0) | |
RRMS | 36 (64.3) | 161 (67.6) | 24 (72.7) | |
SPMS | 12 (21.4) | 44 (18.5) | 7 (21.2) | |
PPMS | 4 (7.1) | 22 (9.2) | 1 (3.0) | |
Disease duration (years) b | 8.5 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 0.216 H |
EDSS score b | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 0.886 H |
DMD treatment c | 0.769 Chi | |||
Yes | 42 (75.0) | 189 (79.4) | 26 (78.8) | |
No | 14 (25.0) | 49 (20.6) | 7 (21.2) | |
Comorbidities c | 0.643 Chi | |||
Yes | 39 (69.6) | 180 (75.6) | 25 (75.8) | |
No | 17 (30.4) | 58 (24.4) | 8 (24.2) |
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Langhorst, S.E.; Frahm, N.; Hecker, M.; Mashhadiakbar, P.; Streckenbach, B.; Baldt, J.; Heidler, F.; Zettl, U.K. Vaccination Coverage against Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis and Poliomyelitis and Validity of Self-Reported Vaccination Status in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050677
Langhorst SE, Frahm N, Hecker M, Mashhadiakbar P, Streckenbach B, Baldt J, Heidler F, Zettl UK. Vaccination Coverage against Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis and Poliomyelitis and Validity of Self-Reported Vaccination Status in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022; 12(5):677. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050677
Chicago/Turabian StyleLanghorst, Silvan Elias, Niklas Frahm, Michael Hecker, Pegah Mashhadiakbar, Barbara Streckenbach, Julia Baldt, Felicita Heidler, and Uwe Klaus Zettl. 2022. "Vaccination Coverage against Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis and Poliomyelitis and Validity of Self-Reported Vaccination Status in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis" Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 5: 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050677