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Volume 13
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10.3390/jpm13101453
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Background:
Systematic Review

Duration of Untreated Illness in Patients with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and Its Impact on Long-Term Outcome: A Systematic Review

by
Francesco Perris
,
Salvatore Cipolla
,
Pierluigi Catapano
,
Gaia Sampogna
*,
Mario Luciano
,
Vincenzo Giallonardo
,
Valeria Del Vecchio
,
Michele Fabrazzo
,
Andrea Fiorillo
and
Francesco Catapano
Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(10), 1453; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13101453
Submission received: 13 September 2023 / Revised: 26 September 2023 / Accepted: 27 September 2023 / Published: 29 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Current State of Psychiatry: Personalized Medicine and Treatment)
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Abstract

Background: Duration of untreated illness (DUI)—defined as the time period between the onset of a mental disorder and its first adequate treatment—should influence patients’ long-term prognosis and outcome. In patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), DUI lasts on average from 87.5 up to 94.5 months, being significantly longer compared with data available from patients affected by other severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We carried out a systematic review in order to assess the impact of DUI on long-term outcomes in OCD patients. Methods: A systemic review has been implemented, searching from inception to April 2023; only papers written in English were included. Results: Seventy-one articles were initially identified; only eight papers were included in the review. The DUI ranged from 7.0 ± 8.5 to 20.9 ± 11.2 years. Patients reporting a longer DUI have a poor long-term outcome in terms of lower level of treatment response and greater symptom severity. Conclusions: The present review confirms that longer DUI has a negative impact on the long-term outcome of patients with OCD. It should be useful to promote the dissemination of early interventions with a specific focus on OCD symptoms.
Keywords: obsessive–compulsive disorder; duration of untreated illness; long-term outcomes; prognosis; early intervention obsessive–compulsive disorder; duration of untreated illness; long-term outcomes; prognosis; early intervention

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MDPI and ACS Style

Perris, F.; Cipolla, S.; Catapano, P.; Sampogna, G.; Luciano, M.; Giallonardo, V.; Del Vecchio, V.; Fabrazzo, M.; Fiorillo, A.; Catapano, F. Duration of Untreated Illness in Patients with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and Its Impact on Long-Term Outcome: A Systematic Review. J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 1453. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13101453

AMA Style

Perris F, Cipolla S, Catapano P, Sampogna G, Luciano M, Giallonardo V, Del Vecchio V, Fabrazzo M, Fiorillo A, Catapano F. Duration of Untreated Illness in Patients with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and Its Impact on Long-Term Outcome: A Systematic Review. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2023; 13(10):1453. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13101453

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perris, Francesco, Salvatore Cipolla, Pierluigi Catapano, Gaia Sampogna, Mario Luciano, Vincenzo Giallonardo, Valeria Del Vecchio, Michele Fabrazzo, Andrea Fiorillo, and Francesco Catapano. 2023. "Duration of Untreated Illness in Patients with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and Its Impact on Long-Term Outcome: A Systematic Review" Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, no. 10: 1453. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13101453

APA Style

Perris, F., Cipolla, S., Catapano, P., Sampogna, G., Luciano, M., Giallonardo, V., Del Vecchio, V., Fabrazzo, M., Fiorillo, A., & Catapano, F. (2023). Duration of Untreated Illness in Patients with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and Its Impact on Long-Term Outcome: A Systematic Review. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 13(10), 1453. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13101453

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