Bionic Design and Optimization of the Wear-Resistant Structure of Piston Rings in Internal Combustion Engines
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design of Bionic Piston Ring
2.2. Finite Element Method (FEM) Analysis of Piston Rings
2.2.1. Analysis Model and Boundary Conditions
2.2.2. Wear Resistance Validation Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Results of FEM
Serial Number | Depth D/mm | Width W/mm | Spacing L/mm | Max Stress yi/MPa |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 450.7 |
2 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 348.4 |
3 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 379.1 |
4 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 489 |
5 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 380.1 |
6 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 449.2 |
7 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 416.4 |
8 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 595.4 |
9 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 455.6 |
10 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 354.6 |
11 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 358.6 |
12 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 349.9 |
13 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 449.5 |
14 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 362.6 |
15 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 361.7 |
16 | 2 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 391.1 |
17 | 2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 359.4 |
18 | 2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 443.9 |
19 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 339.1 |
20 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 349.2 |
21 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 340.6 |
22 | 3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 340.8 |
23 | 3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 472.2 |
24 | 3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 354 |
25 | 3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 385.2 |
26 | 3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 498.6 |
27 | 3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 392.6 |
440.43 | 363.36 | 401.82 | ||
381.26 | 406.57 | 413.83 | ||
385.81 | 437.58 | 391.84 | ||
59.18 | 74.22 | 21.99 | ||
Order of importance | W > D > L |
3.2. Results of Wear Resistance Validation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Level | Depth D/mm | Width W/mm | Spacing L/mm |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 (1) | 0.1 (1) | 0.1 (1) |
2 | 2 (2) | 0.3 (2) | 0.2 (2) |
3 | 3 (3) | 0.5 (3) | 0.3 (3) |
Piston Ring Material | Stainless Steel 1Cr13 |
---|---|
Modulus of elasticity | 2.16 × 105 MPa |
Poisson’s ratio | 0.28 |
Densities | 7.77 × 103 kg/m3 |
Shear modulus | 8.41 × 104 MPa |
Yield strength | 5.45 × 102 MPa |
Coefficient of thermal expansion | 1.13 × 10−5 1/K |
Specific heat capacity | 0 J/(kg·K) |
Heat conductivity | 0 W/(m·K) |
Piston Material | Aluminum ZL108 |
---|---|
Modulus of elasticity | 7.0 × 104 MPa |
Poisson’s ratio | 0.3 |
Densities | 2.68 × 103 kg/m3 |
Coefficient of thermal expansion | 2.35 × 10−5 1/K |
Specific heat capacity | 460 J/(kg·K) |
Variable | Specific Value |
---|---|
Air ring to cylinder liner clearance | 0.92 mm |
Oil ring to cylinder liner clearance | 0.92 mm |
Cylinder liner wall thickness | 7.1 mm |
Air ring to ring bank clearance | 0.01 mm |
Oil ring to ring bank clearance | 0.08 mm |
Air ring heat transfer center spacing | 2.24 mm |
Oil ring heat transfer center spacing | 2.18 mm |
Air ring internal clearance | 0.15 mm |
Oil ring internal clearance | 0.35 mm |
Air ring height | 1.5 mm |
Oil ring height | 1.62 mm |
Oil film thickness | 0.005 mm |
Lubricating oil heat transfer coefficient | 0.2 W/(m2·K) |
Gas heat transfer coefficient | 0.12 W/(m2·K) |
Cylinder liner heat transfer coefficient | 35.4 W/(m2·K) |
Heat transfer coefficient of the gas ring | 51 W/(m2·K) |
Oil ring heat transfer coefficient | 51 W/(m2·K) |
Cylinder liner liquid heat transfer coefficient | 2700 W/(m2·K) |
Radial width of the gas ring | 4.1 mm |
Oil ring radial width | 3.8 mm |
Depth D/mm | Width W/mm | Spacing L/mm | Friction f/N | Wear Resistance Improvement/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard piston ring | - | - | - | 12.967 | - |
Bionic piston ring 2 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 11.633 | 10.29% |
Bionic piston ring 12 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 11.789 | 9.08% |
Bionic piston ring 19 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 11.422 | 19.63% |
Bionic piston ring 20 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 10.963 | 17.52% |
Bionic piston ring 21 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 11.022 | 15.00% |
Bionic piston ring 23 | 3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 11.233 | 13.37% |
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Tian, W.; Zhang, J.; Zhou, K.; Chen, Z.; Shen, Z.; Yang, X.; Cong, Q. Bionic Design and Optimization of the Wear-Resistant Structure of Piston Rings in Internal Combustion Engines. Lubricants 2023, 11, 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11110484
Tian W, Zhang J, Zhou K, Chen Z, Shen Z, Yang X, Cong Q. Bionic Design and Optimization of the Wear-Resistant Structure of Piston Rings in Internal Combustion Engines. Lubricants. 2023; 11(11):484. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11110484
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian, Weijun, Jinhua Zhang, Kuiyue Zhou, Zhu Chen, Ziteng Shen, Xiaobin Yang, and Qian Cong. 2023. "Bionic Design and Optimization of the Wear-Resistant Structure of Piston Rings in Internal Combustion Engines" Lubricants 11, no. 11: 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11110484