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Article

Oil-Sealing Performance Evaluation of Labyrinth Seal Using Combined Finite Element Analysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics

1
Elsoltec, Yongin 17095, Republic of Korea
2
POSTECH, Gimhae 50820, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Lubricants 2023, 11(9), 400; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090400
Submission received: 10 August 2023 / Revised: 4 September 2023 / Accepted: 11 September 2023 / Published: 13 September 2023

Abstract

Mechanical seals, such as labyrinth seals, are typically installed at the turbine outlets to prevent oil leakage. However, these seals undergo deformation because of the vibrations of the rotor, even during normal turbine operating conditions, which may cause an increase in oil leakage. In this study, the oil leakage performance of three labyrinth seals with different types of seal teeth, narrow stainless teeth (Type 1), wide aluminum teeth fixed on the body (Type 2), and fixed wide aluminum movable teeth (Type 3), were evaluated using finite element (FE) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses. Three-dimensional FE models of the rotor and oil deflectors were developed, and the plastic deformation of the teeth of the labyrinth seals was predicted when the rotor impacted the sealing teeth during turbine operation. The oil leakage was predicted using CFD analysis. The results indicated that the Type 3 seal, including movable teeth, is beneficial in preventing leakage and tooth deformation compared with the other types. The Type 2 seal is advantageous because it results in a smaller increase in gap size and greater vena contracta effects than the Type 1 seal. The results of this study could be helpful when designing and selecting the teeth of a labyrinth seal.
Keywords: labyrinth seal; teeth deformation; oil leakage; computational fluid dynamics; finite element analysis labyrinth seal; teeth deformation; oil leakage; computational fluid dynamics; finite element analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Park, W.M.; Son, S.M.; Choi, D.K.; Lee, H.G.; Choi, C. Oil-Sealing Performance Evaluation of Labyrinth Seal Using Combined Finite Element Analysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Lubricants 2023, 11, 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090400

AMA Style

Park WM, Son SM, Choi DK, Lee HG, Choi C. Oil-Sealing Performance Evaluation of Labyrinth Seal Using Combined Finite Element Analysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Lubricants. 2023; 11(9):400. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090400

Chicago/Turabian Style

Park, Won Man, Sung Man Son, Dae Kyung Choi, Hong Guk Lee, and Choengryul Choi. 2023. "Oil-Sealing Performance Evaluation of Labyrinth Seal Using Combined Finite Element Analysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics" Lubricants 11, no. 9: 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090400

APA Style

Park, W. M., Son, S. M., Choi, D. K., Lee, H. G., & Choi, C. (2023). Oil-Sealing Performance Evaluation of Labyrinth Seal Using Combined Finite Element Analysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Lubricants, 11(9), 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090400

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