Effect of Outdoor Leisure Participants on Leisure Identity, Leisure Flow, Leisure Satisfaction, and Re-Participation Intention
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Method
2.1. Research Subject
2.2. Measurement
2.3. Data Processing and Analysis
2.4. Research Ethics
3. Results
3.1. Participants
3.2. Validity and Reliability
3.3. Correlations of Study Variables
3.4. Results of the Study Model
4. Discussion
4.1. Relationship between Leisure Identity, Leisure Flow, Leisure Satisfaction, and Re-Participation Intention of Outdoor Leisure Participants
4.2. Relationship between Leisure Flow, Leisure Satisfaction, and Re-Participation Intention of Outdoor Leisure Participants
4.3. Relationship between Leisure Satisfaction and Re-Participation Intention of Outdoor Leisure Participants
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | N | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 217 | 58.8 |
Female | 152 | 41.2 | |
Outdoor leisure | Hiking | 90 | 24.4 |
Bicycle | 97 | 26.3 | |
Golf | 94 | 25.5 | |
Paragliding | 88 | 23.8 | |
Age | 20s and under | 64 | 17.3 |
30s | 101 | 27.4 | |
40s | 112 | 30.4 | |
50s and over | 92 | 24.9 | |
Living area | Seoul | 110 | 29.8 |
Gyeonggi-do | 134 | 36.3 | |
Chungcheong-do | 125 | 33.9 | |
Participation duration | Under 1 year | 124 | 33.6 |
1 year–under 3 years | 87 | 23.6 | |
3 years–under 5 years | 65 | 17.6 | |
Over 5 years | 93 | 25.2 |
Variable | Latent Variable | Measurement Variable | Estimate | S.E. | C.R.(t) | AVE | C.R. | CFI | TLI | RMSEA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leisure Identity | Respect | a7 | 1.000 | 0.575 | 0.902 | 0.975 | 0.961 | 0.064 | ||
a6 | 1.287 | 0.084 | 15.358 | |||||||
a4 | 1.119 | 0.077 | 14.559 | |||||||
a3 | 1.198 | 0.071 | 16.962 | |||||||
a2 | 0.997 | 0.080 | 12.487 | |||||||
Identification | a13 | 1.000 | 0.697 | 0.860 | ||||||
a12 | 1.288 | 0.071 | 18.196 | |||||||
a11 | 1.042 | 0.065 | 16.109 | |||||||
Emotional affection | a21 | 1.000 | 0.0607 | 0.633 | ||||||
a20 | 1.805 | 0.273 | 6.608 | |||||||
a15 | 1.920 | 0.327 | 5.868 | |||||||
Leisure flow | Clear goal | b17 | 1.000 | 0.597 | 0.809 | 0.978 | 0.960 | 0.063 | ||
b10 | 1.157 | 0.080 | 14.516 | |||||||
b1 | 0.885 | 0.068 | 13.067 | |||||||
Challenge-skill balance | b13 | 1.000 | 0.535 | 0.690 | ||||||
b6 | 0.598 | 0.071 | 8.452 | |||||||
b4 | 0.764 | 0.073 | 10.425 | |||||||
Autotelic experience | b15 | 1.000 | 545 | 0.815 | ||||||
b12 | 1.160 | 0.104 | 11.174 | |||||||
b9 | 1.251 | 0.096 | 13.029 | |||||||
b7 | 1.335 | 0.104 | 12.813 | |||||||
Entrancement | b18 | 1.000 | 0.738 | 0.843 | ||||||
b2 | 1.009 | 0.049 | 20.482 | |||||||
Leisure satisfaction | Self-development | c3 | 1.000 | 0.536 | 0.776 | 0.955 | 0.924 | 0.072 | ||
c2 | 0.832 | 0.063 | 13.200 | |||||||
c1 | 0.734 | 0.060 | 12.260 | |||||||
Stress solution | c7 | 1.000 | 0.564 | 0.827 | ||||||
c6 | 0.739 | 0.068 | 10.890 | |||||||
c5 | 0.824 | 0.074 | 11.171. | |||||||
c4 | 1.082 | 0.053 | 13.152 | |||||||
Health- development | c10 | 1.000 | 0.570 | 0.802 | ||||||
c9 | 0.876 | 0.060 | 14.588 | |||||||
c8 | 0.724 | 0.053 | 13.671 | |||||||
Skill-development | c14 | 1.000 | 0.554 | 0.641 | ||||||
c13 | 0.630 | 0.108 | 5.836 | |||||||
c12 | 1.076 | 0.113 | 9.491 | |||||||
c11 | 1.069 | 0.094 | 11.401 | |||||||
Interpersonal relationship | c17 | 1.000 | 0.644 | 0.832 | ||||||
c16 | 0.885 | 0.062 | 14.321 | |||||||
c15 | 0.843 | 0.063 | 13.384 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. Leisure identity | 1 | |||
2. Leisure flow | 0.360 *** | 1 | ||
3. Leisure satisfaction | 0.535 *** | 0.325 *** | 1 | |
4. Re-participation intention | 0.533 *** | 0.274 *** | 0.506 *** | 1 |
Hypothesis | Estimate | S.E. | C.R. |
---|---|---|---|
Leisure identity → Leisure flow | 0.470 | 0.085 | 5.511 *** |
Leisure identity → Leisure satisfaction | 1.024 | 0.108 | 9.477 *** |
Leisure identity → Re-participation intention | 0.443 | 0.075 | 5.910 *** |
Leisure flow → Leisure satisfaction | 0.099 | 0.069 | 1.442 |
Leisure flow → Re-participation intention | 0.070 | 0.037 | 1.891 |
Leisure satisfaction → Re-participation intention | 0.173 | 0.034 | 5.029 *** |
Model fit: x2 = 252.442, x2/df = 2.902, CFI = 0.955, TLI = 0.930, RMSEA = 0.072 |
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Ahn, B.-W.; Song, W.-I. Effect of Outdoor Leisure Participants on Leisure Identity, Leisure Flow, Leisure Satisfaction, and Re-Participation Intention. Societies 2024, 14, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14020017
Ahn B-W, Song W-I. Effect of Outdoor Leisure Participants on Leisure Identity, Leisure Flow, Leisure Satisfaction, and Re-Participation Intention. Societies. 2024; 14(2):17. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14020017
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhn, Byoung-Wook, and Won-Ick Song. 2024. "Effect of Outdoor Leisure Participants on Leisure Identity, Leisure Flow, Leisure Satisfaction, and Re-Participation Intention" Societies 14, no. 2: 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14020017