Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stability of Carbon-Free High Speed Tool Steel Strengthened by Intermetallics Compared to Vanadis 60 Steel Strengthened by Carbides
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Microstructure
3.2. Mechanical Properties
3.3. Thermal Stability
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Steel | Fe | C | Cr | Mo | V | W | Co | Si | Mn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vanadis 60 | bal. | 2.3 | 4.3 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 10.5 | - | - |
PM+ | bal. | 0.03 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 25.0 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
Type of Particles | Soft State | HT State |
---|---|---|
Small dark | 0.5 ± 0.1 µm | Not observed |
Large dark | 1.3 ± 0.3 µm | 1.4 ± 0.4 µm |
Small bright | 0.4 ± 0.1 µm | Not observed |
Large bright | 1.6 ± 0.4 µm | 1.6 ± 0.4 µm |
Carbide | Fe | Cr | Mo | V | W | Co |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dark | 3.4 ± 3.1 | 5.6 ± 0.9 | 21.6 ± 1.6 | 43.7 ± 2.2 | 26.3 ± 2.0 | 0.1± 0.4 |
Bright | 26.3 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.4 | 24.5 ± 1.6 | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 38.6 ± 2.7 | 4.6 ± 2.0 |
Area | Fe | Co | Mo | Si |
---|---|---|---|---|
Particle | 37.3 ± 0.3 | 16.6 ± 0.2 | 44.3 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.1 |
Matrix | 62.4 ± 1.2 | 25.1 ± 0.2 | 12.2 ± 1.2 | 0.5 ± 0.3 |
Material | Sample Wear Rate/10−6 mm3/N/m |
---|---|
Vanadis 60 in the HT state | 1.815 |
Vanadis 60 in the HT state after annealing at 600 °C/10 h | 4.01 |
Vanadis 60 in the HT state after annealing at 650 °C/10 h | 2.19 |
PM+ steel in the HT state | 5.4 |
PM+ steel in the HT state after annealing at 600 °C/10 h | 7.1 |
PM+ steel in the HT state after annealing at 650 °C/10 h | 11.0 |
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Michalcová, A.; Pečinka, V.; Kačenka, Z.; Šerák, J.; Kubásek, J.; Novák, P.; Vojtěch, D. Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stability of Carbon-Free High Speed Tool Steel Strengthened by Intermetallics Compared to Vanadis 60 Steel Strengthened by Carbides. Metals 2021, 11, 1901. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121901
Michalcová A, Pečinka V, Kačenka Z, Šerák J, Kubásek J, Novák P, Vojtěch D. Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stability of Carbon-Free High Speed Tool Steel Strengthened by Intermetallics Compared to Vanadis 60 Steel Strengthened by Carbides. Metals. 2021; 11(12):1901. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121901
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichalcová, Alena, Vojtěch Pečinka, Zdeněk Kačenka, Jan Šerák, Jiří Kubásek, Pavel Novák, and Dalibor Vojtěch. 2021. "Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Stability of Carbon-Free High Speed Tool Steel Strengthened by Intermetallics Compared to Vanadis 60 Steel Strengthened by Carbides" Metals 11, no. 12: 1901. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121901