The Influence of Ni on Bainite/Martensite Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Metals Obtained from Metal-Cored Wire
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Microstructural Characterization
3.2. Mechanical Properties
4. Discussion
4.1. Identification of Multiphase and Effect of Ni on Phase Transformation
4.2. Strengthening Model of Deposited Metals
4.3. Toughness of Deposited Metals
5. Conclusions
- The microstructures of Ni-addition deposited metals are multiphases composed of bainite, martensite and residual austenite. The volume fraction of bainite decreases from 61% to 55%, and that of martensite increases from 37% to 41%, while the content of Ni increases from 2.5% to 4.0% because the high Ni content obviously decreases the temperature range of the bainite transformation.
- The residual austenite exists as different forms of deposited metals. The residual austenite is mainly a block and sheet of deposited metal with low Ni, while it is a thin film with high Ni. The volume fraction of residual austenite decreases from 7.8% to 3.26% with the increase in Ni content. Meanwhile, the volume fraction of residual austenite is positively correlated with that of bainite.
- The tensile strength is ~1040 MPa of deposited metals. The increase in yield strength is mainly due to the high dislocation density of deposited metals with high Ni, which have 41% martensite. The toughness of deposited metals decreases with the increase in Ni content, which is positively related to the volume fraction of bainite, residual austenite and grain boundary of large-angle.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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C | Mn | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | S | P | O | N | Ti | Al | Fe | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LN | 0.080 | 1.55 | 0.50 | 2.43 | 0.84 | 0.72 | 0.0075 | 0.015 | 0.084 | 0.012 | 0.004 | 0.03 | Bal |
HN | 0.074 | 1.28 | 0.51 | 4.29 | 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.009 | 0.015 | 0.080 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.029 | Bal |
Q345 | ≤0.20 | ≤1.70 | ≤0.50 | 0.50 | 0.30 | 0.10 | 0.035 | 0.035 | - | 0.012 | 0.20 | 0.015 | Bal |
Deposited Metals | Bs/°C | Ms/°C | Mf/°C | ∆T(Bs-Ms)/°C |
---|---|---|---|---|
LN | 502.3 | 353.1 | 238.1 | 149.2 |
HN | 481.6 | 334.9 | 218.2 | 146.7 |
LN(26 °C/s) | 435.1 | 353.1 | 238.1 | 82.0 |
HN(26 °C/s) | 395.1 | 334.9 | 218.2 | 60.2 |
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Wang, J.; Di, X.; Li, C.; Wang, D. The Influence of Ni on Bainite/Martensite Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Metals Obtained from Metal-Cored Wire. Metals 2021, 11, 1971. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121971
Wang J, Di X, Li C, Wang D. The Influence of Ni on Bainite/Martensite Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Metals Obtained from Metal-Cored Wire. Metals. 2021; 11(12):1971. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121971
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Jiamei, Xinjie Di, Chengning Li, and Dongpo Wang. 2021. "The Influence of Ni on Bainite/Martensite Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Metals Obtained from Metal-Cored Wire" Metals 11, no. 12: 1971. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121971