Flow Field in Slab Continuous Casting Mold with Large Width Optimized with High Temperature Quantitative Measurement and Numerical Calculation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. High Temperature Velocity Measurement Method
3. Mathematical Model
3.1. Numerical Simulation
3.2. Governing Equation
3.3. Computational Domain and Boundary Conditions
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Effect of Argon Gas Flow Rate
4.2. Effect of Casting Speed
4.3. Effect of Immersion Depth
4.4. Effect of SEN Bottom Shape
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Under the conditions of the large mold width of 1800 mm, 1.1 m/min casting speed and 140 mm SEN immersion depth, the velocity near the mold surface decreases with increasing the argon gas flow rate. The calculated results match very well with the measured results. When the argon gas flow rate is 6 L/min, the flow pattern is the double roll flow (DRF), and the liquid level fluctuation is small. When the argon gas flow rate is increased to 10 and 14 L/min, the flow pattern is the single roll flow (SRF), the liquid level fluctuation is large, and the risk of slag entrainment increases.
- (2)
- When the mold width is 1800 mm, the argon gas flow rate is 10 L/min, and the immersion depth is 160 mm, the velocity near the mold surface sensitively increases with increasing casting speed. The calculated results are consistent with the measured ones. When the casting speed is 1.1 m/min, the direction of the velocity near the mold surface is from SEN to narrow wall, forming an intermediate flow (IF). The mold surface fluctuation is obviously intensified, which is easy to cause slag entrainment defects. When the casting speed is only increased to 1.2 m/min, the velocity near the mold surface changes drastically and is close to 0.4 m/s, which is the upper limit velocity near the mold surface. Therefore, the optimized casting speed should be larger than 1.1 m/min and smaller than 1.2 m/min.
- (3)
- When the mold width is 1800 mm, the casting speed is 1.1 m/min, and the argon gas flow rate is 10 L/min, the velocity near the mold surface is obviously increased with the increasing immersion depth. The calculated results are also in accord with the measured ones. When the immersion depth of the nozzle is 140 and 160 mm, the velocity near the mold surface is from SEN to narrow wall, the flow pattern is SRF or IF, and the liquid level fluctuates greatly. When the immersion depth of the SEN is 180 mm, the velocity near the mold surface is from narrow wall to the SEN, the flow pattern is DRF, and the fluctuation of the liquid level is small, which is conducive to control the risk of slag entrainment.
- (4)
- When the bottom shape of the SEN changes from a mountain to a well, the velocity near the mold surface decreases from 0.4 to 0.25 m/s under the conditions of 2000 mm mold width, 1.0 m/min casting speed, 8 L/min argon gas flow rate and 150 mm SEN immersion depth. Because the velocity near the mold surface with the mountain shaped nozzle is too large and the liquid level fluctuates greatly, it is suggested to adopt the well-shaped nozzle to reduce the risk of slag entrainment.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Values | Parameters | Values |
---|---|---|---|
Slab width (mm) | 1800, 2000 | Computational domain length (mm) | 2500 |
Slab thickness (mm) | 237 | Argon gas flow rate (L/min) | 6, 8, 10, 14 |
Casting speed (m/min) | 1.0, 1.1, 1.2 | Immersion depth of SEN (mm) | 140, 150, 160, 180 |
SEN port angle (°) | −20 | SEN bottom shape | mountain, well |
Fluid density (kg/m3) | 7020 | SEN port size (mm × mm) | 70 × 90 |
Argon gas density (kg/m3) | 0.56 | Fluid dynamic viscosity (kg/m∙s) | 0.0055 |
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Ma, C.; He, W.-y.; Qiao, H.-s.; Zhao, C.-l.; Liu, Y.-b.; Yang, J. Flow Field in Slab Continuous Casting Mold with Large Width Optimized with High Temperature Quantitative Measurement and Numerical Calculation. Metals 2021, 11, 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020261
Ma C, He W-y, Qiao H-s, Zhao C-l, Liu Y-b, Yang J. Flow Field in Slab Continuous Casting Mold with Large Width Optimized with High Temperature Quantitative Measurement and Numerical Calculation. Metals. 2021; 11(2):261. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020261
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Chao, Wen-yuan He, Huan-shan Qiao, Chang-liang Zhao, Yi-bo Liu, and Jian Yang. 2021. "Flow Field in Slab Continuous Casting Mold with Large Width Optimized with High Temperature Quantitative Measurement and Numerical Calculation" Metals 11, no. 2: 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020261