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Volume 11
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10.3390/met11020322
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Review

Elaboration of Metallic Materials by SPS: Processing, Microstructures, Properties, and Shaping

by
Jean-Philippe Monchoux
1,2,*,
Alain Couret
1,2,
Lise Durand
1,2,
Thomas Voisin
3,
Zofia Trzaska
4,5 and
Marc Thomas
6
1
Centre d’Elaboration de Matériaux et d’Etudes Structurales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 8011, 29 rue J. Marvig, BP 94347, CEDEX 4, 31055 Toulouse, France
2
Université Toulouse III—Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
3
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Av., Livermore, CA 94550, USA
4
Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7182, 2-8, rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
5
Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 99, Avenue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
6
ONERA—The French Aerospace Lab, Department of Materials and Structures, Université Paris-Saclay, 29 Avenue de la Division Leclerc, BP 72, 92322 Châtillon CEDEX, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metals 2021, 11(2), 322; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020322
Submission received: 18 January 2021 / Revised: 5 February 2021 / Accepted: 7 February 2021 / Published: 12 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue News Trends in Powder Metallurgy: Microstructures, Properties, Durability)
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Abstract

After a few decades of increasing interest, spark plasma sintering (SPS) has now become a mature powder metallurgy technique, which allows assessing its performances toward fabricating enhanced materials. Here, the case of metals and alloys will be presented. The main advantage of SPS lies in its rapid heating capability enabled by the application of high intensity electric currents to a metallic powder. This presents numerous advantages balanced by some limitations that will be addressed in this review. The first section will be devoted to sintering issues, with an emphasis on the effect of the electric current on the densification mechanisms. Then, typical as-SPS microstructures and properties will be presented. In some cases, they will be compared with that of materials processed by conventional techniques. As such, examples of nanostructured materials, intermetallics, metallic glasses, and high entropy alloys, will be presented. Finally, the implementation of SPS as a technique to manufacture complex, near-net shape industrial parts will be discussed.
Keywords: SPS; metals; TiAl; microstructure; mechanical properties; shaping SPS; metals; TiAl; microstructure; mechanical properties; shaping

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MDPI and ACS Style

Monchoux, J.-P.; Couret, A.; Durand, L.; Voisin, T.; Trzaska, Z.; Thomas, M. Elaboration of Metallic Materials by SPS: Processing, Microstructures, Properties, and Shaping. Metals 2021, 11, 322. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020322

AMA Style

Monchoux J-P, Couret A, Durand L, Voisin T, Trzaska Z, Thomas M. Elaboration of Metallic Materials by SPS: Processing, Microstructures, Properties, and Shaping. Metals. 2021; 11(2):322. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020322

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monchoux, Jean-Philippe, Alain Couret, Lise Durand, Thomas Voisin, Zofia Trzaska, and Marc Thomas. 2021. "Elaboration of Metallic Materials by SPS: Processing, Microstructures, Properties, and Shaping" Metals 11, no. 2: 322. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020322

APA Style

Monchoux, J.-P., Couret, A., Durand, L., Voisin, T., Trzaska, Z., & Thomas, M. (2021). Elaboration of Metallic Materials by SPS: Processing, Microstructures, Properties, and Shaping. Metals, 11(2), 322. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020322

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