Corrosion Behavior of TC4 Titanium Alloys in Al–Li Alloy Melt
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Material Preparation
2.2. Characterizations and Testing
3. Results
3.1. DRL Microstructure and Composition
3.2. Growth Kinetics of Diffusion Reaction Layer
3.3. Effect of Lithium on the Dissolution Rate of Titanium
4. Discussion
4.1. The Structure Evolution of DRL
- (1)
- Formation ofAl3Ti layer at the interface of solid TC4 and liquid Al–xLi alloy:
- (2)
- Formation of granular Al3Ti near Al3Ti layer:
- (3)
- Growth of Al3Ti layer and generation of small Al3Ti particles:
4.2. Influence Mechanism of Lithium on Diffusion Reaction Layer
5. Conclusions
- (1).
- After immersing at 680 °C to ~720 °C for 0.5 h to ~2 h, a diffusion reaction layer (DRL) composed of an Al3Ti compound was formed at the liquid/solid interface of Al–Li alloy melt/TC4 alloy. The DRL thickness increased with increases in holding time, temperature, and lithium content in the melt.
- (2).
- The lithium reduced the activation energy of the diffusion reaction and increased the ability of melt to dissolve the TC4 titanium alloy. At 700 °C, the growth kinetic equation of DRL is as follows:
- (3).
- At 700 °C, with the increase of lithium content in aluminum–lithium alloy melt, the dissolution rate of Ti increased significantly. When the holding time reaches 3 h, the Ti content in Al–2Li alloy melt is 0.105 wt%.
- (4).
- Application of crucibles and tools made of TC4 titanium alloy to smelt aluminum–lithium alloys can effectively eliminate the pollution of the melt caused by the dissolution of iron-containing appliances in the melt. Under the conventional melting temperature and time conditions of aluminum–lithium alloy, the titanium content in the melt is kept at a low level, and the TC4 titanium alloy appliances are not severely affected by the dissolution and corrosion of the aluminum–lithium alloy.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Element | Ti | Al | V | Fe | Si | Li |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TC4 | 90.0 | 5.7 | 4.2 | 0 | ||
Al–1Li | 98.9 | <0.05 | <0.05 | 0.96 | ||
Al–2Li | 98.0 | <0.05 | <0.05 | 1.93 |
Point | A | B | C |
---|---|---|---|
Al | 74.28 | 74.52 | 74.59 |
Ti | 25.64 | 25.38 | 25.24 |
V | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.17 |
T/°C | t/min | d/μm | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Al | Al–1Li | Al–2Li | ||
680 | 30 | 3 | 4.4 | 25.4 |
60 | 3.7 | 7.0 | 85.7 | |
120 | 4.7 | 10.4 | 116.2 | |
700 | 30 | 3.2 | 5.2 | 33.4 |
60 | 4.3 | 8.9 | 103.6 | |
120 | 5.1 | 12.4 | 146.5 | |
720 | 30 | 4.6 | 7.2 | 42 |
60 | 5.4 | 11.2 | 140.8 | |
120 | 6.4 | 17.3 | 186.2 |
Melt | c/wt% | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
30 min | 60 min | 120 min | 180 min | |
Al | 0.018 | 0.027 | 0.030 | 0.038 |
Al–Li | 0.029 | 0.037 | 0.042 | 0062 |
Al–2Li | 0.035 | 0.057 | 0.095 | 0.105 |
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Wang, F.; Wang, X.; Yan, Q.; Cui, J. Corrosion Behavior of TC4 Titanium Alloys in Al–Li Alloy Melt. Metals 2021, 11, 794. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11050794
Wang F, Wang X, Yan Q, Cui J. Corrosion Behavior of TC4 Titanium Alloys in Al–Li Alloy Melt. Metals. 2021; 11(5):794. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11050794
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Fuyue, Xiangjie Wang, Qiang Yan, and Jianzhong Cui. 2021. "Corrosion Behavior of TC4 Titanium Alloys in Al–Li Alloy Melt" Metals 11, no. 5: 794. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11050794