Sequestering Rare Earth Elements and Precious Metals from Seawater Using a Highly Efficient Polymer Adsorbent Derived from Acrylic Fiber
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Adsorption Range per kg Fiber | Elements |
---|---|
10–25 g | Mg, Ca |
1–10 g | V, U, Fe, Ni, Zn |
10−1–100 g | Cu, Co, Cr, Ti, Sr, Mn |
10−2–10−1 g | Y, Zr, Mo, La, Nd |
10−3–10−2 g | Ce, Pd, Lanthanides (except La, Nd, Tb, and Lu), Sc, Ga, Sn, Cd, Nb |
10−4–10−3 g | Tb, Lu, Tm, Li, Ag |
10−5–10−4 g | Pt, Bi, Te, Sb, Th, Ir |
10−6–10−5 g | Rh, Ru, Re, In, Os |
Range of Distribution Coefficient (KD) | Elements |
---|---|
107–108 | Pd, lanthanides, Ti, Co, Ir |
106–107 | Ni, Sn, Y, V, Zr, Sc, Te, Nb, Bi, Th, U, Pt, Ga, Fe, Ru |
105–106 | Cu, Zn, In, Os, Mn, Ag, Cr, Rh |
104–105 | Cd |
103–104 | Mo |
102–103 | Re, Sb |
101–102 | Ca, Mg, Sr |
<101 | Li |
Elements | 56-Day Adsorption Capacity (g/kgads.) | Elements | 56-Day Adsorption Capacity (g/kgads.) |
---|---|---|---|
Mg | 26.57 ± 1.47 | Pr | (3.65 ± 0.68) × 10−3 |
Ca | 14.80 ± 0.60 | Sc | (2.27 ± 0.31) × 10−3 |
V | 6.38 ± 0.30 | Ga | (2.13 ± 0.45) × 10−3 |
U | 6.02 ± 0.02 | Sn | (2.05 ± 0.22) × 10−3 |
Fe | 2.97 ± 0.08 | Cd | (2.04 ± 0.14) × 10−3 |
Ni | 2.95 ± 0.16 | Ho | (1.56 ± 0.27) × 10−3 |
Zn | 1.26 ± 0.05 | Eu | (1.22 ± 0.22) × 10−3 |
Cu | 0.44 ± 0.01 | Nb | (1.17 ± 0.15) × 10−3 |
Co | 0.27 ± 0.01 | Tb | (9.53 ± 1.76) × 10−4 |
Cr | 0.22 ± 0.01 | Lu | (7.19 ± 1.20) × 10−4 |
Ti | 0.155 ± 0.003 | Tm | (6.89 ± 1.18) × 10−4 |
Sr | 0.13 ± 0.01 | Li | (6.15 ± 0.27) × 10−4 |
Mn | 0.12 ± 0.04 | Ag | (3.34 ± 0.61) × 10−4 |
Y | (6.69 ± 1.12) × 10−2 | Pt | (9.88 ± 1.23) × 10−5 |
Zr | (5.10 ± 0.67) × 10−2 | Bi | (9.28 ± 1.66) × 10−5 |
Mo | (2.75 ± 0.35) × 10−2 | Te | (6.41 ± 0.29) × 10−5 |
La | (1.91 ± 0.32) × 10−2 | Sb | (6.11 ± 0.79) × 10−5 |
Nd | (1.87 ± 0.33) × 10−2 | Th | (5.23 ± 0.68) × 10−5 |
Ce | (9.18 ±1.57) × 10−3 | Ir | (4.33 ± 0.59) × 10−5 |
Dy | (6.40 ± 1.10) × 10−3 | Rh | (8.51 ± 1.01) × 10−6 |
Pd | (5.94 ± 0.88) × 10−3 | Ru | (7.06 ± 0.73) × 10−6 |
Gd | (5.22 ± 0.93) × 10−3 | Re | (6.62 ± 1.06) × 10−6 |
Er | (5.15 ± 0.86) × 10−3 | In | (6.61 ± 1.07) × 10−6 |
Yb | (4.57 ± 0.73) × 10−3 | Os | (2.96 ± 0.24) × 10−6 |
Sm | (4.18 ± 0.74) × 10−3 | - | - |
Metal | log β |
---|---|
V5+ | 53.00 ± 0.40 |
Fe3+ | 43.94 ± 1.08 |
UO22+ | 36.80 ± 2.10 |
Cu2+ | 35.77 ± 0.11 |
Eu3+ | 30.30 ± 0.30 |
Nd3+ | 29.80 ± 0.70 |
Ni2+ | 27.05 ± 0.10 |
Ca2+ | 14.55 ± 0.08 |
Mg2+ | 14.43 ± 0.12 |
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Pan, H.-B.; Strivens, J.E.; Kuo, L.-J.; Wai, C.M. Sequestering Rare Earth Elements and Precious Metals from Seawater Using a Highly Efficient Polymer Adsorbent Derived from Acrylic Fiber. Metals 2022, 12, 849. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050849
Pan H-B, Strivens JE, Kuo L-J, Wai CM. Sequestering Rare Earth Elements and Precious Metals from Seawater Using a Highly Efficient Polymer Adsorbent Derived from Acrylic Fiber. Metals. 2022; 12(5):849. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050849
Chicago/Turabian StylePan, Horng-Bin, Jonathan E. Strivens, Li-Jung Kuo, and Chien M. Wai. 2022. "Sequestering Rare Earth Elements and Precious Metals from Seawater Using a Highly Efficient Polymer Adsorbent Derived from Acrylic Fiber" Metals 12, no. 5: 849. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050849