Study on Key Parameters of Dilution Ratio of the Bead Deposited by GTAW Method for Nuclear Components
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Weld Bead Dilution Ratio
3. Base Metal Melting Efficiency
4. Materials and Experimental Procedures
5. Comparison of Measurement and Prediction Results of the Dilution Ratio under Pipeline Repair Welding Cladding Conditions
5.1. Test Design Affecting Dilution Ratio
5.2. Estimation of the Dilution Ratio by the Literature
Arc Thermal Efficiency
- 1.
- Heat required to melt the unit volume of welding wire,
- 2.
- Calculation of the base metal melting efficiency
6. Prediction of the Dilution Ratio Using the Thermal Equivalent of the Fuse
- Estimation of the melting efficiency of the base metal
- 2.
- The relationship between the heat distribution ratio and the equivalent heat of the fuse
7. Discussion
7.1. Walking Speed Remains Constant, and the Pulse Line Energy Changes in Proportion to Wire Feeding Speed
7.2. Prediction of the Dilution Ratio of the Welding Speed and the Pulse Line Energy/Wire Feeding Speed
7.3. Control Strategy for Improving the Cladding Efficiency and Reducing the Dilution Ratio at the Same Time
8. Conclusions
- (1)
- The “fuse heat equivalent”, used to predict the dilution ratio of the deposited weld bead of the cladding welding of nuclear power components, is proposed. The dilution ratio of the heat power of the weld-forming unit length to the section of the fuse is predicted by the linear energy of the deposited metal-forming unit volume. Under this condition, there is a linear positive correlation between the fuse heat equivalent and the dilution ratio.
- (2)
- With the increase in the heat equivalent of the fuse, the proportion of the deposition line energy to the total effective heat input line energy decreases; the proportion of the base metal melting line energy increases; and the proportion of the non-melting line energy diffused to the base metal is basically unchanged.
- (3)
- The fuse heat equivalent is used to predict and control the dilution ratio under the condition of pulse welding. By increasing the wire feeding speed under the condition of the pulse peak current and reducing the welding travel speed, a high-deposition efficiency, low-dilution ratio and low-heat input is achieved, which plays an important guiding role in improving the deposition quality.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Welding Voltage/V | Peak Current/A | Welding Speed mm/min | Peak Wire Feeding Speed mm/min | Dilution Ratio | Cross Section Metallography |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
8.7 | 150 | 70 | 500 | 68.72% | |
8.7 | 150 | 80 | 600 | 62.70% | |
8.7 | 150 | 80 | 700 | 56.91% | |
8.7 | 150 | 90 | 800 | 50.09% | |
8.7 | 150 | 100 | 900 | 47.85% | |
8.8 | 160 | 70 | 500 | 72.26% | |
8.8 | 160 | 80 | 600 | 64.15% | |
8.8 | 160 | 80 | 700 | 59.34% | |
8.8 | 160 | 90 | 800 | 53.25% | |
8.8 | 160 | 100 | 900 | 50.39% | |
8.9 | 170 | 70 | 500 | 72.74% | |
8.9 | 170 | 80 | 600 | 67.12% | |
8.9 | 170 | 80 | 700 | 61.62% | |
8.9 | 170 | 90 | 800 | 55.27% | |
8.9 | 170 | 100 | 900 | 54.12% | |
9 | 180 | 70 | 500 | 75.75% | |
9 | 180 | 80 | 600 | 67.72% | |
9 | 180 | 80 | 700 | 62.49% | |
9 | 180 | 90 | 800 | 55.49% | |
9 | 180 | 100 | 900 | 58.59% | |
9 | 190 | 70 | 500 | 78.24% | |
9 | 190 | 80 | 600 | 68.07% | |
9 | 190 | 80 | 700 | 64.21% | |
9 | 190 | 90 | 800 | 57.14% | |
9 | 190 | 100 | 900 | 59.07% |
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Lu, L.; Cai, Z.; Yang, J.; Liang, Z.; Sun, Q.; Pan, J. Study on Key Parameters of Dilution Ratio of the Bead Deposited by GTAW Method for Nuclear Components. Metals 2022, 12, 1506. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12091506
Lu L, Cai Z, Yang J, Liang Z, Sun Q, Pan J. Study on Key Parameters of Dilution Ratio of the Bead Deposited by GTAW Method for Nuclear Components. Metals. 2022; 12(9):1506. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12091506
Chicago/Turabian StyleLu, Li, Zhipeng Cai, Jia Yang, Zhenxin Liang, Qian Sun, and Jiluan Pan. 2022. "Study on Key Parameters of Dilution Ratio of the Bead Deposited by GTAW Method for Nuclear Components" Metals 12, no. 9: 1506. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12091506