An Experiment on Surface Fluctuation of Ga-In-Sn Alloy with a Permanent Magnet Flow Control Mold
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Establishment of Experiments
2.1. Establishment of Ga-In-Sn Alloy Circulation Experimental Platform
2.2. Experimental Platform Similarity Criteria
2.3. Experimental Conditions
2.4. Experimental Measurement Methods
2.5. Evaluation Method for Experimental Results
3. Experimental Results and Discussion
3.1. Characteristics of Magnetic Field Distribution with the PMFC-Mold
3.2. Effect of Different Casting Speeds on Level Fluctuation in the Mold
3.3. Effect of the PMFC-Mold Permanent Magnet Arranged Position on the Level Fluctuation in the Mold
4. Conclusions
- With various casting speed, the surface fluctuation profile does not change. However, the height of level fluctuation and the velocity of surface flow rate will increase, which exacerbate the risk of slag entrapment.
- When the PMFC-Mold permanent magnets are located at H2 = −25 mm, the control effect on the flow behavior of metal liquid in the mold is the best, and the height of level fluctuation decreases the most. However, when the PMFC-Mold permanent magnet is located at H3 = −75 mm, the height of level fluctuation actually increases. The reasonable arrangement of magnetic field position is an important influencing factor in controlling the fluctuation behavior of free surface in the mold.
- The behavior of level fluctuation becomes gentle in the mold, and the surface flow distance affected by the upward flow becomes short as the magnetic field is applied (when the permanent magnets are located at H = −25 mm). Corresponding to the actual production, the severe level fluctuation in the mold increases the risk of slag involvement. If the PMFC-mold is used, the problem of slag involvement can be alleviated effectively by the reduction in the height and severity of level fluctuations.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Values |
---|---|
Immersion depth of SEN, mm | 38 |
Width × Thickness × Height (mold), mm | 145 × 46 × 350 |
Max. magnetic flux density, T | 0.45 |
Port angle of SEN, (°) | 0 |
Dimensions of magnets, mm3 | 69 × 50 × 50, 46 × 50 × 50 |
Casting speed, m/min | 0.333, 0.832 |
Electrical conductivity, S∙m−1 | 3.2 × 106 |
Dynamic viscosity, Pa∙s | 0.0024 |
Fluid density, kg∙m−3 | 6440 |
Position | v1 (mm) | v2 (mm) |
---|---|---|
Point 1 | 0.9737 | 1.3823 |
Point 2 | 0.2521 | 0.6274 |
Point 3 | 0.5062 | 0.9045 |
Position | v1 (mm) | v2 (mm) |
---|---|---|
Point 1 | 0.3378 | 0.4309 |
Point 2 | 0.2558 | 0.3166 |
Point 3 | 0.2266 | 0.3688 |
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Han, Z.; Wang, E.; Zhai, Z.; Wang, Z. An Experiment on Surface Fluctuation of Ga-In-Sn Alloy with a Permanent Magnet Flow Control Mold. Metals 2023, 13, 1662. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101662
Han Z, Wang E, Zhai Z, Wang Z. An Experiment on Surface Fluctuation of Ga-In-Sn Alloy with a Permanent Magnet Flow Control Mold. Metals. 2023; 13(10):1662. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101662
Chicago/Turabian StyleHan, Zefeng, Engang Wang, Zhongxin Zhai, and Zepeng Wang. 2023. "An Experiment on Surface Fluctuation of Ga-In-Sn Alloy with a Permanent Magnet Flow Control Mold" Metals 13, no. 10: 1662. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101662