Experimenting with Dimethyl Sulfoxide to Leach Gold from a Colombian Artisanal Gold Ore
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- To evaluate the efficacy of DMSO in comparison to other non-aqueous solvents for gold dissolution.
- To understand the mechanism behind gold dissolution in DMSO in the presence of halides and determine the optimal conditions for this.
- To assess the scalability and environmental implications of using DMSO for gold recovery, especially considering its interaction with various materials and its recycling potential.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ore Sample
2.2. Gold Extraction Experiments Using DMSO
2.3. Yates Method
2.4. Gold Precipitation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Gold Extraction
3.2. Gold Precipitation
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Acronym | Variable | Levels | |
---|---|---|---|
S | S:L (Ore:DMSO) | 10% (S0.1) | 30% (S0.3) |
N | NaCl | 0.6 g (N1) | 1.16 g (N2) |
C | CuCl2 | 1.34 g (C1) | 2.7 g (C2) |
T | Time | 8 h (T1) | 24 h (T2) |
Sample ID | Combination | S:L | Time (h) | NaCl (g) | CuCl2 (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | S0.3T2N2C2 | 30 | 8 | 1.16 | 2.7 |
A2 | S0.3T2N1C1 | 30 | 24 | 0.6 | 1.34 |
A3 | S0.3T2N2C1 | 30 | 24 | 1.16 | 1.34 |
A4 | S0.3T2N1C2 | 30 | 24 | 0.6 | 2.7 |
A5 | S0.1T1N1C2 | 10 | 8 | 0.6 | 2.7 |
A6 | S0.1T1N2C1 | 10 | 8 | 1.16 | 1.34 |
A7 | S0.1T1N2C2 | 10 | 8 | 1.16 | 2.7 |
A8 | S0.1T1N1C1 | 10 | 8 | 0.6 | 1.34 |
A9 | S0.3T1N1C1 | 30 | 8 | 0.6 | 1.34 |
A10 | S0.3T1N2C1 | 30 | 8 | 1.16 | 1.34 |
A11 | S0.3T1N2C2 | 30 | 8 | 1.16 | 2.7 |
A12 | S0.3T1N1C2 | 30 | 8 | 0.6 | 2.7 |
A13 | S0.1T2N2C2 | 10 | 24 | 1.16 | 2.7 |
A14 | S0.1T2N1C2 | 10 | 24 | 0.6 | 2.7 |
A15 | S0.1T2N1C1 | 10 | 24 | 0.6 | 1.34 |
A16 | S0.1T2N2C1 | 10 | 24 | 1.16 | 1.34 |
Sample ID | Ore (g) | DMSO (mL) | Time (h) | KBr (g/L) | CuBr2 (g/L) | Acid Used for Precipitation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LM-1 | 20 | 100 | 12 | 11.6 | 32.7 | Commercial vinegar |
LM-2 | 20 | 100 | 12 | 5.8 | 16.4 | H2SO4 (1.0 M) |
LM-3 | 20 | 100 | 12 | 2.9 | 8.2 | H2SO4 (1.0 M) |
LM-4 | 20 | 100 | 12 | 5.8 | 16.4 | Diluted (half) lemon juice |
LM-5 | 20 | 100 | 12 | 5.8 | 16.4 | Undiluted lemon juice |
Sample ID | % Gold Extracted by DMSO |
---|---|
A1 | 49.52 |
A2 | 62.14 |
A3 | 79.84 |
A4 | 30.16 |
A5 | 86.31 |
A6 | 78.84 |
A7 | 80.66 |
A8 | 82.50 |
A9 | 89.91 |
A10 | 65.95 |
A11 | 59.87 |
A12 | 81.03 |
A13 | 94.68 |
A14 | 93.72 |
A15 | 91.28 |
A16 | 91.20 |
Au Extracted % | Pred. 1 | Error % | Pred. 2 (No S) | Error % | Pred. 3 (No N) | Error % | Pred. 4 (No C) | Error % | Pred. 5 (No T) | Error % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
82.5 | 88.62 | 1.52 | 86.21 | 4.50 | 80.67 | 2.22 | 84.40 | 2.30 | 86.89 | 5.32 |
89.91 | 77.64 | 5.45 | 86.21 | 4.12 | 77.93 | 13.32 | 85.48 | 4.93 | 76.03 | 15.44 |
78.84 | 87.36 | 1.46 | 72.41 | 8.16 | 80.67 | 2.32 | 79.76 | 1.17 | 85.03 | 7.85 |
65.95 | 75.34 | 25.41 | 72.41 | 9.80 | 77.93 | 18.17 | 62.92 | 4.59 | 72.89 | 10.52 |
86.31 | 92.34 | 1.55 | 83.67 | 3.06 | 83.47 | 3.29 | 84.40 | 2.21 | 90.01 | 4.29 |
81.03 | 58.04 | 19.28 | 83.67 | 3.26 | 70.45 | 13.06 | 85.48 | 5.49 | 55.59 | 31.40 |
80.66 | 89.48 | 1.80 | 70.27 | 12.88 | 83.47 | 3.48 | 79.76 | 1.12 | 87.75 | 8.79 |
59.87 | 56.3 | 6.35 | 70.27 | 17.37 | 70.45 | 17.67 | 62.92 | 5.09 | 54.69 | 8.65 |
91.28 | 85.36 | 1.59 | 76.71 | 15.96 | 91.23 | 0.05 | 92.50 | 1.34 | 86.89 | 4.81 |
62.14 | 73.3 | 6.10 | 76.71 | 23.45 | 70.97 | 14.21 | 46.14 | 25.75 | 76.03 | 22.35 |
91.2 | 82.5 | 1.46 | 85.51 | 6.24 | 91.23 | 0.03 | 93.02 | 2.00 | 85.03 | 6.77 |
79.84 | 71.56 | 19.60 | 85.51 | 7.10 | 70.97 | 11.11 | 64.66 | 19.01 | 72.89 | 8.70 |
93.72 | 87.48 | 1.21 | 61.93 | 33.92 | 94.27 | 0.59 | 92.50 | 1.30 | 90.01 | 3.96 |
30.16 | 54.26 | 55.47 | 61.93 | 105.34 | 39.81 | 32.00 | 46.14 | 52.98 | 55.59 | 84.32 |
94.86 | 86.22 | 1.34 | 72.17 | 23.92 | 94.27 | 0.62 | 93.02 | 1.94 | 87.75 | 7.50 |
49.52 | 51.96 | 9.96 | 72.17 | 45.74 | 39.81 | 19.61 | 64.66 | 30.57 | 54.69 | 10.44 |
AVERAGE | 9.97 | 20.30 | 9.48 | 10.11 | 15.07 |
Sample ID | Time (h) | Temperature | Au Extracted by DMSO (%) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 40 °C | 98.81 |
2 | 4 | 40 °C | 97.12 |
3 | 6 | 40 °C | 97.36 |
4 | 8 | 40 °C | 97.91 |
5 | 2 | Ambient | 96.5 |
6 | 4 | Ambient | 96.17 |
7 | 6 | Ambient | 95.42 |
8 | 8 | Ambient | 95.4 |
Sample ID | Acid Used for Precipitation | Gold Precipitation (%) |
---|---|---|
LM-1 | Commercial vinegar | 25 |
LM-2 | H2SO4 (1.0 M) | 100 |
LM-3 | H2SO4 (1.0 M) | 89.6 |
LM-4 | diluted (half) lemon juice | 100 |
LM-5 | undiluted lemon juice | 100 |
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Torkaman, P.; Yoshimura, A.; Lavkulich, L.M.; Veiga, M.M. Experimenting with Dimethyl Sulfoxide to Leach Gold from a Colombian Artisanal Gold Ore. Metals 2023, 13, 1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111855
Torkaman P, Yoshimura A, Lavkulich LM, Veiga MM. Experimenting with Dimethyl Sulfoxide to Leach Gold from a Colombian Artisanal Gold Ore. Metals. 2023; 13(11):1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111855
Chicago/Turabian StyleTorkaman, Pariya, Akihiro Yoshimura, Leslie M. Lavkulich, and Marcello M. Veiga. 2023. "Experimenting with Dimethyl Sulfoxide to Leach Gold from a Colombian Artisanal Gold Ore" Metals 13, no. 11: 1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111855