DSC Investigation and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al–Sb–Sn System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Binary System
2.2. Ternary System
3. Materials and Methods
4. Thermodynamic Model
4.1. Stoichiometric Compounds
4.2. Gas Phase
4.3. Liquid Phase
4.4. Solid Solution Phase
5. Results and Discussion
5.1. DSC Results of the Al–Sb–Sn System
- (1)
- Al–SnSb system
- (2)
- Sn–AlSb system
- (3)
- Sb–AlSn system
5.2. Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al–Sb–Sn System
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Vertical Section | Sample Number | Elemental Composition (at.%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Al | Sn | Sb | ||
Al–SnSb | 1 | 5 | 47.5 | 47.5 |
2 | 10 | 45 | 45 | |
3 | 15 | 42.5 | 42.5 | |
4 | 20 | 40 | 40 | |
5 | 30 | 35 | 35 | |
6 | 35 | 32.5 | 32.5 | |
7 | 40 | 30 | 30 | |
8 | 45 | 27.5 | 27.5 | |
9 | 60 | 20 | 20 | |
10 | 70 | 15 | 15 | |
11 | 80 | 10 | 10 | |
Sn–AlSb | 12 | 40 | 20 | 40 |
13 | 25 | 50 | 25 | |
14 | 15 | 70 | 15 | |
Sb–AlSn | 15 | 40 | 40 | 20 |
16 | 30 | 30 | 40 | |
17 | 20 | 20 | 60 | |
18 | 15 | 15 | 70 | |
19 | 10 | 10 | 80 |
Vertical Section | Elemental Composition (X, Mole Fraction) | Transition Temperature (°C) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sn–AlSb | XAl | XSn | XSb | AlSb + L↔AlSb + BCT (I) | ||
0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 246 | |||
0.25 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 237 | |||
0.15 | 0.7 | 0.15 | 251 | |||
Sb–AlSn | XAl | XSn | XSb | AlSb + L↔AlSb + L + Al (M) | AlSb + L + Al↔AlSb + Al + BCT (I) | |
0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 530 | 233 | ||
AlSb + L↔AlSb + L + SnSb (M) | AlSb + L + SnSb↔AlSb + L + Sn4Sb3 (I) | AlSb + L + Sn4Sb3↔AlSb + Sb3Sn4 + BCT (I) | ||||
0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 352 | 327 | 248 | |
AlSb + L↔AlSb + RHOM + L (M) | AlSb + RHOM + L↔AlSb + SnSb + RHOM (I) | |||||
0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 512 | 420 | ||
0.15 | 0.15 | 0.7 | 560 | 425 | ||
0.1 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 593 | 424 | ||
Al–SbSn | XAl | XSn | XSb | AlSb + L↔AlSb + L + SnSb (M) | AlSb + L + SnSb↔AlSb + L + Sb3Sn4 (I) | AlSb + L + Sb3Sn4↔AlSb + Sb3Sn4 + BCT (I) |
0.05 | 0.475 | 0.475 | 422 | |||
0.1 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 403 | 327 | 244 | |
0.15 | 0.425 | 0.425 | 380 | 328 | 246 | |
0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 379 | 326 | 246 | |
AlSb + L↔AlSb + L+Sb3Sn4 (M) | AlSb + L + Sb3Sn4↔AlSb + Sb3Sn4 + BCT (I) | |||||
0.3 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 304 | 248 | ||
AlSb + L↔AlSb + L + Al (M) | AlSb + L + Al↔AlSb + BCT + Al (I) | |||||
0.35 | 0.325 | 0.325 | 240 | |||
0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 234 | |||
0.45 | 0.275 | 0.275 | 233 | |||
0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 579 | 231 | ||
0.7 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 590 | 229 | ||
0.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 230 |
Phase | Thermodynamic Parameters | Reference |
---|---|---|
Al-FCC_A1 | [40] | |
Al-BCC_A2 | [40] | |
Al-LIQUID | [40] | |
Sb-BCT_A5 | [40] | |
Sb-RHOMBO_A7 | [40] | |
Sb-LIQUID | [40] | |
Sn-BCT_A5 | [40] | |
Sn-RHOMBO_A7 | [40] | |
Sn-LIQUID | [40] | |
Liquid (Al,Sb,Sn)(Va) | GAl:Va = GAl-LIQUID, GAl:Va = GAl-LIQUID, GAl:Va = GAl-LIQUID | [40] |
[25] | ||
[25] | ||
[25] | ||
[26] | ||
[26] | ||
[26] | ||
This work | ||
This work | ||
This work | ||
Bct (Al,Sb,Sn) | GAl =GAl-BCC_A2, GSb = GSb-BCT_A5, GSn = GSn-BCT_A5 | [40] |
[26,27] | ||
Rhombohedral (Sb,Sn) | GSb = GSb-RHOMBO_A7, GSn = GSn-RHOMBO_A7 | [27] |
[27] | ||
[27] | ||
SnSb (Sn,Sb,Va)4(Sb)3 | [27] | |
[27] | ||
AlSb | [25] | |
Sb3Sn4 | [27] | |
T (°C) | Liquid Composition (X, Mole Fraction) | Reaction | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
XAl | XSn | XSb | ||
240.20 | 1.009 × 10−6 | 0.943 | 0.057 | Liquid + BctSb3Sn4 + AlSb |
425.38 | 2.372 × 10−4 | 0.476 | 0.524 | Liquid + SnSbRhombohedral + AlSb |
229.67 | 0.019 | 0.981 | 1.579 × 10−6 | LiquidAl + AlSb + Bct |
319.08 | 1.157 × 10−5 | 0.810 | 0.190 | Liquid + Sb3Sn4SnSb + AlSb |
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Wei, W.; Chen, W.; Wang, Y.; Cao, Z. DSC Investigation and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al–Sb–Sn System. Metals 2023, 13, 1437. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13081437
Wei W, Chen W, Wang Y, Cao Z. DSC Investigation and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al–Sb–Sn System. Metals. 2023; 13(8):1437. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13081437
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei, Wenjie, Wei Chen, Yaping Wang, and Zhanmin Cao. 2023. "DSC Investigation and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al–Sb–Sn System" Metals 13, no. 8: 1437. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13081437