Break-Arc Erosion and Material Transfer Behavior of Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Electrical Contact Materials under Different Currents
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Material Preparation
2.2. Electrical Contact Test
3. Results
3.1. Characteristic Parameters of Break Arc of Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Contact Materials
3.2. Erosion Morphologies of Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Contact Materials
3.3. Contact Resistance after Break Arc Erosion of Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Contact Materials
3.4. Material Transfer and Mass Change of Anode and Cathode for Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Contact Materials
4. Discussion
4.1. Effect of Y on Break Arc and Erosion Morphology of Pt–Ir Contact Materials
4.2. Effect of Y on Contact Resistance of Pt–Ir Contact Materials
4.3. Effect of Y on Material Transfer of Pt–Ir Contact Materials
4.4. Comparison of Arc Behavior and Material Transfer between Pt–Ir, Pt–Ir–Y and Ag/SnO2, Ag/SnO2–Ni
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Materials | a/Å | b/Å | c/Å | α = β = γ |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pt–10Ir | 3.922 | 3.922 | 3.922 | 90° |
Pt–25Ir | 3.920 | 3.920 | 3.920 | 90° |
Pt–10Ir–Y | 3.918 | 3.918 | 3.918 | 90° |
Pt–25Ir–Y | 3.914 | 3.914 | 3.914 | 90° |
Pt | 3.923 | 3.923 | 3.923 | 90° |
Ir | 3.839 | 3.839 | 3.839 | 90° |
Circuit Condition | DC 24 V, 5 A, 15 A, 25 A, Resistive Load |
---|---|
Number of operations | 10,000 |
Frequency/Hz | 2 |
Contact force/cN | 20 |
Electrode spacing/mm | 1 |
Surrounding gas | Air |
Test mode | Only testing the breaking period of electrical contacts |
Materials | Mass Change (mg) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 A | 15 A | 25 A | |||||||
Anode | Cathode | Net Mass Change | Anode | Cathode | Net Mass Change | Anode | Cathode | Net Mass Change | |
Pt-10Ir | 0.01 | −0.02 | −0.01 | −0.10 | 0.08 | −0.02 | −0.52 | 0.39 | −0.13 |
Pt-25Ir | 0.03 | −0.06 | −0.03 | −0.07 | 0.04 | −0.03 | −0.55 | 0.50 | −0.05 |
Pt-10Ir-Y | 0.01 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.39 | −0.49 | −0.10 | 0.60 | −0.99 | −0.39 |
Pt-25Ir-Y | 0.03 | −0.10 | −0.07 | 0.59 | −0.62 | −0.03 | 0.63 | −0.98 | −0.35 |
Materials | Arc Erosion Morphology | Material Transfer |
---|---|---|
Pt–Ir | Relatively flat overall after 10,000 operations, and small melt zones are evenly distributed. | Transfer from anode to cathode |
Pt–Ir–Y | After 10,000 operations, the overall anodic erosion area is convex mound, the overall cathodic erosion area is concave pit, and the small melting area is clearly visible. | Transfer from cathode to anode |
Ag/SnO2 | After 5000 operations, the anode locally appeared with a few convex mounds; after 10,000 operations, there are no obvious convex mounds but it is uneven, no obvious small melting area. After 5000 times, the cathode as a whole is pit-like; after 10,000 times, the pit becomes shallow, and there is no obvious small melting area. | Transfer from anode to cathode |
Ag/SnO2–Ni | After 5000 operations, the anode localized the crater; after 10,000 operations, the localized crater still exists, and there is no obvious small melting area; after 5000 operations, the cathode as a whole is cratered; after 10,000 operations, the overall crater becomes shallow, and there is no obvious small melting area. | Transfer from anode to cathode |
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Wang, S.; Wang, S.; Sun, Y.; Chen, S.; Li, A.; Hu, J.; Peng, M.; Xie, M. Break-Arc Erosion and Material Transfer Behavior of Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Electrical Contact Materials under Different Currents. Metals 2023, 13, 1589. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13091589
Wang S, Wang S, Sun Y, Chen S, Li A, Hu J, Peng M, Xie M. Break-Arc Erosion and Material Transfer Behavior of Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Electrical Contact Materials under Different Currents. Metals. 2023; 13(9):1589. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13091589
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Saibei, Song Wang, Yong Sun, Song Chen, Aikun Li, Jieqiong Hu, Mingjun Peng, and Ming Xie. 2023. "Break-Arc Erosion and Material Transfer Behavior of Pt–Ir and Pt–Ir–Y Electrical Contact Materials under Different Currents" Metals 13, no. 9: 1589. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13091589