Purification and Recovery of Hot-Dip Galvanizing Slag via Supergravity-Induced Cake-Mode Filtration
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Raw Material
2.2. Apparatus
2.3. Experimental Procedures
2.4. Selection of Filter Medium
2.5. Characterization
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of the Raw Material
3.2. Efficiency of Centrifugal Separation
3.2.1. Effect of the Gravity Coefficient
3.2.2. Effect of Separation Temperature
3.2.3. Effect of Separation Time
3.3. Centrifugal Separation on an Engineering Scale
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Supergravity has been verified as a very efficient and economical means of separating and recovering hot-dip galvanizing slag. The optimal conditions for laboratory conditions are G = 300, T = 460 °C and t = 120 s, under yielded the filtered zinc containing 0.022 wt% Fe and 1.097 wt% Al and separation efficiencies reached 87% for AZn, 93.67% for RZn and 96.01% for LFe.
- (2)
- With the increase in the gravity coefficient and separation temperature, the acquisition ratio AZn and RZn increased. LFe is minimally affected by the gravity coefficient, but decreases significantly as the separation temperature increases. The separation time has little effect on both the filter zinc yield, and the iron removal rate.
- (3)
- Cake-mode filtration is the most suitable filtration mechanism for hot-dip galvanizing slag with high impurity content. The filtration parameters and the relationship between filtration resistance and centrifugal pressure were analyzed.
- (4)
- Based on the separation conditions obtained from exploratory laboratory experiments, the industrial scale-up equipment was designed and fabricated, and industrial scale-up experiments were performed. It was concluded that the filtered zinc contained 0.027 wt% Fe and 1.844 wt% Al, while the values of RZn and LFe reached 85.97% and 95.47%, respectively. A fully utilized process route was also designed to maximize the benefits of the hot-dip galvanizing slag.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zn | Al | Fe |
---|---|---|
91.84 | 7.68 | 0.48 |
Top | Middle | Bottom |
---|---|---|
46.83 | 42.26 | 14.67 |
Gravity Coefficient | AZn | RZn | LFe | Chemical Composition of the Filtered Zinc (wt%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zn | Fe | Al | ||||
80 | 77.41 | 82.96 | 96.29 | 98.426 | 0.023 | 1.551 |
100 | 83.19 | 89.36 | 96.19 | 98.655 | 0.022 | 1.323 |
200 | 86.52 | 93.01 | 96.21 | 98.723 | 0.021 | 1.254 |
300 | 87.77 | 94.31 | 95.79 | 98.686 | 0.023 | 1.291 |
400 | 87.70 | 94.22 | 95.98 | 98.662 | 0.022 | 1.314 |
500 | 87.64 | 94.40 | 95.62 | 98.928 | 0.024 | 1.048 |
800 | 87.68 | 94.42 | 95.80 | 98.900 | 0.023 | 1.077 |
1000 | 87.78 | 94.45 | 95.61 | 98.819 | 0.024 | 1.157 |
G = 80 | G = 300 | G = 1000 |
---|---|---|
27.28 | 37.79 | 42.84 |
Top | Middle | Bottom |
---|---|---|
53.86 | 36.31 | 22.68 |
Separation Temperature (°C) | AZn | RZn | LFe | Chemical Composition of the Filtered Zinc (wt%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zn | Fe | Al | ||||
430 | 83.22 | 89.49 | 96.53 | 98.755 | 0.020 | 1.225 |
440 | 86.42 | 92.90 | 96.22 | 98.723 | 0.021 | 1.256 |
460 | 87.77 | 94.31 | 95.79 | 98.686 | 0.023 | 1.291 |
480 | 88.08 | 94.56 | 95.60 | 98.602 | 0.024 | 1.374 |
500 | 88.15 | 94.79 | 95.23 | 98.763 | 0.026 | 1.211 |
550 | 88.44 | 95.06 | 94.29 | 98.718 | 0.031 | 1.251 |
600 | 88.49 | 95.09 | 93.92 | 98.690 | 0.033 | 1.277 |
Position | Raw Material | 600 °C | 550 °C | 460 °C |
---|---|---|---|---|
Top | 46.83 | 19.84 | 11.30 | 3.5 |
Middle | 42.26 | 14.16 | 9.19 | 3.3 |
Bottom | 14.67 | 13.91 | 7.10 | 3.0 |
Separation Time (s) | AZn | RZn | LFe | Chemical Composition of the Filtered Zinc (wt%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zn | Fe | Al | |||||
10 | 85.12 | 91.27 | 96.63 | 98.475 | 0.019 | 1.506 | |
60 | 86.00 | 92.39 | 96.24 | 98.664 | 0.021 | 1.315 | |
120 | 87.00 | 93.67 | 96.01 | 98.881 | 0.022 | 1.097 | |
180 | 87.77 | 94.31 | 95.79 | 98.686 | 0.023 | 1.291 | |
300 | 88.00 | 94.47 | 95.60 | 98.592 | 0.024 | 1.384 |
Gravity Coefficients | 30 | 80 | 200 | 300 | 500 | 800 | 1000 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The theoretical percentages of the residue (%) | 100 | 39 | 16 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
The theoretical percentages of the filtered zinc (%) | 0 | 61 | 84 | 90 | 94 | 96 | 97 |
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Zhang, S.; Wang, Z.; Lan, X.; Shi, L.; Guo, Z. Purification and Recovery of Hot-Dip Galvanizing Slag via Supergravity-Induced Cake-Mode Filtration. Metals 2024, 14, 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/met14010100
Zhang S, Wang Z, Lan X, Shi L, Guo Z. Purification and Recovery of Hot-Dip Galvanizing Slag via Supergravity-Induced Cake-Mode Filtration. Metals. 2024; 14(1):100. https://doi.org/10.3390/met14010100
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Shuai, Zhe Wang, Xi Lan, Lei Shi, and Zhancheng Guo. 2024. "Purification and Recovery of Hot-Dip Galvanizing Slag via Supergravity-Induced Cake-Mode Filtration" Metals 14, no. 1: 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/met14010100