Effects of the Primary Carbide Distribution on the Evolution of the Grain Boundary Character Distribution in a Nickel-Based Alloy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Details
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The distribution of primary carbides is intentionally altered by changing the cold-rolling direction in a nickel-based alloy (GH3535, Ni-16Mo-7Cr-4Fe), and its effects on the grain boundary character distribution were investigated in this work.
- (2)
- In the sample with many string-like primary carbides along the rolling direction, the intensively distributed primary carbide strings not only induced the occurrence of particle-stimulated nucleation of recrystallization, which increased the random boundary density, but also prevented or delayed the migration of GBs due to the pinning effect.
- (3)
- By applying cross-rolling and subsequent annealing, the strings of primary carbides were substantially fragmented, resulting in more dispersive primary carbides. In this case, a higher proportion of Σ3n grain boundaries associated with extensive multiple twinning events can be achieved via routine GBE-type thermal-mechanical processing.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ni | Mo | Cr | Fe | Mn | Si | C |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bal. | 16.60 | 7.09 | 3.83 | 0.52 | 0.46 | 0.04 |
Cold Rolling (%) | Pre-Processing Annealing | Sample ID | Strain (%) | GBE-Processing Annealing | Sample ID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | - | - | 3 | - | S3 |
50 | 1100 × 30 min | S0 | 5 | - | S5 |
- | - | - | 7 | - | S7 |
- | - | - | 3 | - | L3 |
50 | 1177 × 30 min | L0 | 5 | 1177 × 20 min | L5 |
- | - | - | 7 | - | L7 |
- | - | - | 3 | - | SC3 |
50 | 1100 × 30 min | SC0 | 5 | - | SC5 |
(cross-rolling) | - | - | 7 | - | SC7 |
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Xia, S.; Ma, Y.; Bai, Q. Effects of the Primary Carbide Distribution on the Evolution of the Grain Boundary Character Distribution in a Nickel-Based Alloy. Metals 2024, 14, 960. https://doi.org/10.3390/met14090960
Xia S, Ma Y, Bai Q. Effects of the Primary Carbide Distribution on the Evolution of the Grain Boundary Character Distribution in a Nickel-Based Alloy. Metals. 2024; 14(9):960. https://doi.org/10.3390/met14090960
Chicago/Turabian StyleXia, Shuang, Yuanye Ma, and Qin Bai. 2024. "Effects of the Primary Carbide Distribution on the Evolution of the Grain Boundary Character Distribution in a Nickel-Based Alloy" Metals 14, no. 9: 960. https://doi.org/10.3390/met14090960