Metallographic Index-Based Quantification of the Homogenization State in Extrudable Aluminum Alloys
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
- The α-AlFeSi particles, after the completion of the β to α-AlFeSi transformation undergo morphological changes leading to spheroidization. This process can be divided in three stages: (1) rounding of edges, (2) particle pinching, and (3) necklace formation.
- The evolution of the morphological changes can be described quantitatively by the use of indices, such as aspect ratio, feret and circularity, which are sensitive to homogenization process parameters, such as the homogenization time.
- The circularity index exhibited the most consistent variation with homogenization time. The lowest value of the circularity index (more circular particles) coincided with the metallographic observation for necklace formation. Shorter homogenization times resulted in intermediate stages involving rounding of edges or particle pinching.
- The method requires the measurement of a large number of particles and the implementation of a statistical analysis in order to be credible.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Composition (wt. %) | Temperature (°C) | Time (h) | |
---|---|---|---|
Al | Bal. | 560 | 2 |
Mg | 0.38 | ||
Si | 0.4 | 4 | |
Fe | 0.2 | 6 | |
Mn | 0.03 |
Alloy | Number of Images | Number of Particles |
---|---|---|
As-cast | 58 | 106 |
2 h | 57 | 161 |
4 h | 56 | 150 |
6 h | 58 | 133 |
Aspect Ratio | Feret | Circularity |
---|---|---|
A ratio of the major to the minor diameter of a particle, where dmax and dmin correspond to the longest and the shortest lines passing through the centroid | The longest caliper length | Circularity is a measure of how closely a particle resembles a circle. It varies from zero to one with a perfect circle having a value of one |
F | ||
No. | dmax/μm | dmin/μm | AR | p/μm | A/μm2 | C | F/μm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3.655 | 0.376 | 9.720 | 8.405 | 1.083 | 5.190 | 3.656 |
2 | 3.289 | 0.379 | 8.678 | 7.427 | 0.844 | 5.200 | 3.308 |
3 | 1.792 | 0.389 | 4.606 | 4.395 | 0.735 | 2.103 | 1.793 |
4 | 1.069 | 0.534 | 2.001 | 2.820 | 0.441 | 1.433 | 1.068 |
5 | 1.123 | 0.632 | 1.776 | 3.080 | 0.524 | 1.439 | 1.160 |
6 | 0.976 | 0.489 | 1.995 | 2.712 | 0.423 | 1.384 | 1.000 |
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Sarafoglou, P.I.; Aristeidakis, J.S.; Tzini, M.-I.T.; Haidemenopoulos, G.N. Metallographic Index-Based Quantification of the Homogenization State in Extrudable Aluminum Alloys. Metals 2016, 6, 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6050121
Sarafoglou PI, Aristeidakis JS, Tzini M-IT, Haidemenopoulos GN. Metallographic Index-Based Quantification of the Homogenization State in Extrudable Aluminum Alloys. Metals. 2016; 6(5):121. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6050121
Chicago/Turabian StyleSarafoglou, Panagiota I., John S. Aristeidakis, Maria-Ioanna T. Tzini, and Gregory N. Haidemenopoulos. 2016. "Metallographic Index-Based Quantification of the Homogenization State in Extrudable Aluminum Alloys" Metals 6, no. 5: 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6050121
APA StyleSarafoglou, P. I., Aristeidakis, J. S., Tzini, M. -I. T., & Haidemenopoulos, G. N. (2016). Metallographic Index-Based Quantification of the Homogenization State in Extrudable Aluminum Alloys. Metals, 6(5), 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/met6050121