A Comparative Study on the Dynamic Tensile Behavior of Nanostructured Bainitic and Quenched-Tempered Martensitic Steels
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
3. Results
3.1. Microstructures
3.2. The Carbon Content of Retained Austenite
3.3. Dynamic Tensile Properties
3.4. Fractured Surface Observations
4. Discussion
4.1. Relationship between Heat Treatment and Retained Austenite Characteristics
4.2. Relationship between Microstructure and Dynamical Mechanical Properties
5. Conclusions
- The three-step bainite isothermal transformation process can be used to obtain nanostructured bainite ferrite. The carbon content in the film-like retained austenite was found to be higher as compared to the blocky retained austenite.
- The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the three samples increase with an increase in strain rates. The percentage increment in the ultimate tensile strength and elongation are highest for the Q&T sample, which indicate that the sensitivity of martensite to the strain rate is higher than the bainite.
- The three-step (B3) sample contains a large amount of carbon-enriched film-like retained austenite, which exhibits the best dynamic tensile properties for the best transformation-induced plasticity effect.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | Fe | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
wt % | 0.58 | 0.31 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 1.77 | 0.21 | balance |
at % | 2.68 | 0.61 | 0.83 | 0.92 | 1.67 | 0.12 |
Samples | Volume Fraction of Retained Austenite | Volume Fraction of Bainite | Volume Fraction of Martensite | Thickness of Bainite/Martensite, nm | Hardness, HV1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 0.279 | 0.153 | 0.568 | 160–600 | 554 ± 10 |
B3 | 0.237 | 0.763 | - | 50–100 | 615 ± 5 |
Q&T | 0.161 | - | 0.839 | 150–900 | 496 ± 6 |
Strain Rate, s−1 | B1 | B3 | Q&T | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UTS, MPa | EI, % | UTS × EI, MPa·% | UTS, MPa | EI, % | UTS × EI, MPa·% | UTS, MPa | EI, % | UTS × EI, MPa·% | |
0.1 | 1312 ± 5 | 6.8 ± 0.1 | 8922 | 1445 ± 5 | 9.6 ± 0.1 | 13,872 | 1127 ± 6 | 7.9 ± 0.3 | 8903 |
50 | 1436 ± 3 | 7.1 ± 0.1 | 10,196 | 1540 ± 3 | 9.7 ± 0.2 | 14,938 | 1369 ± 4 | 8.8 ± 0.2 | 12,047 |
100 | 1561 ± 2 | 8.2 ± 0.3 | 12,800 | 1594 ± 6 | 10.7 ± 0.2 | 17,141 | 1392 ± 3 | 9.1 ± 0.3 | 12,667 |
200 | 1627 ± 6 | 8.8 ± 0.3 | 14,318 | 1704 ± 7 | 11.1 ± 0.1 | 18,914 | 1448 ± 6 | 9.3 ± 0.3 | 13,466 |
500 | 1698 ± 8 | 9.2 ± 0.2 | 15,622 | 1771 ± 6 | 11.4 ± 0.3 | 20,189 | 1516 ± 4 | 10.7 ± 0.1 | 16,221 |
B1 | B3 | Q&T | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before Tensile Test | After Tensile Test | Before Tensile Test | After Tensile Test | Before Tensile Test | After Tensile Test |
0.279 | 0.156 | 0.237 | 0.123 | 0.161 | 0.106 |
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Zhou, W.; Wu, K.; Zhong, L.; Zhang, C.; Hou, T.; Misra, R.D.K. A Comparative Study on the Dynamic Tensile Behavior of Nanostructured Bainitic and Quenched-Tempered Martensitic Steels. Metals 2018, 8, 728. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8090728
Zhou W, Wu K, Zhong L, Zhang C, Hou T, Misra RDK. A Comparative Study on the Dynamic Tensile Behavior of Nanostructured Bainitic and Quenched-Tempered Martensitic Steels. Metals. 2018; 8(9):728. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8090728
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Wen, Kaiming Wu, Lei Zhong, Cong Zhang, Tingpin Hou, and Raja Devesh Kumar Misra. 2018. "A Comparative Study on the Dynamic Tensile Behavior of Nanostructured Bainitic and Quenched-Tempered Martensitic Steels" Metals 8, no. 9: 728. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8090728