Material Flow in Ultrasonic Orbital Microforming
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussions
5. Conclusions and Future Work Suggestions
- The OMF process causes the initial deformation of the edge material of the rotating workpiece. In further phases of the process, the deformation expands on both sides towards the center of the object.
- In the UOM process under investigation, only the upper and lower part of the workpiece is deformed, occupying approximately 70% of the volume. The middle part of the sample remains undeformed.
- During the UOM process, the material flows in layers of different flow velocity, which is most probably caused by the generation of heat at the interface of the workpiece-tool due to intense plastic deformation and friction resulting from the sliding edge of the rotating sample on the tool surface during the initial centrifugation phase.
- It was observed that the deformation takes place in phases between which breaks occur, during which the deformation does not take place.
- The progressive deformation can be modified by the internal shape of the micro-die in which the UOM process takes place.
- The internal shape of the die in which the UOM process takes place affects the final shape of the microproduct.
- The shape of the microproduct obtained during UOM process does not accurately reflect the shape of the matrix in which this process takes place.
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Amplitude | Ram Velocity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
At Surface of Booster | At Surface of Punch Nose | Amplification of Sonotrode | Loading | Unloading |
(µm) | (µm) | (1) | (mm/min); (m/s) | (mm/min); (m/s) |
2.5 | 16.0 | 6.3 | 0.2; 3.3 × 10−6 | 0.02; 3.3 × 10−7 |
E (GPa) | Re (MPa) | ν (1) | C (MPa) | N (1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
70 | 135 | 0.32 | 170 | 0.05 |
Specimen | V (mm3) | h (mm) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | T | M | B | All | T | M | B | |
S3 | 0.783 | 0.25 | 0.206 | 0.327 | 0.752 | 0.22 | 0.283 | 0.25 |
S4 | 0.773 | 0.262 | 0.238 | 0.273 | 0.747 | 0.223 | 0.297 | 0.227 |
S5 | 0.781 | 0.253 | 0.262 | 0.266 | 0.752 | 0.212 | 0.32 | 0.22 |
Specimen | hn (mm) | ds. (mm) | ε (1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T | M | B | T | M | B | T | M | B | |
S3 | 0.318 | 0.263 | 0.417 | 1.202 | 0.964 | 1.291 | 0.368 | 0 | 0.511 |
S4 | 0.334 | 0.304 | 0.347 | 1.223 | 1.011 | 1.236 | 0.402 | 0 | 0.424 |
S5 | 0.322 | 0.334 | 0.339 | 1.232 | 1.022 | 1.241 | 0.417 | 0 | 0.432 |
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Presz, W. Material Flow in Ultrasonic Orbital Microforming. Metals 2019, 9, 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9040475
Presz W. Material Flow in Ultrasonic Orbital Microforming. Metals. 2019; 9(4):475. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9040475
Chicago/Turabian StylePresz, Wojciech. 2019. "Material Flow in Ultrasonic Orbital Microforming" Metals 9, no. 4: 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9040475