Interpreting Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures: Insights into Earthquake History and Depositional Processes in the Dead Sea, Jordan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Geological and Tectonic Setting of The Study Area
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Sedimentary Sections
3.2. Experimental Methods
4. Results and Interpretations
4.1. SSDSs in the DSB
4.1.1. Small-Scale Slumps
4.1.2. Mixed Layer
4.1.3. Cross-Cutting Injection Dikes and Neptunian Dykes
4.1.4. Load and Flame Structures
4.1.5. Fragile Clast
4.2. Mineralogical Analysis
4.3. Geochemical Analysis
5. Discussion
5.1. Sedimentological and Lithological Settings of the SSDSs
5.2. Seismically Induced Soft Sediment Deformations (SSDSs)
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | Chemical Formula | Percentage (%) (Undeformed) | Percentage (%) (Deformed) |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium oxide | CaO | 46.37% | 44.27% |
Quartz | SiO2 | 6.82% | 8.93% |
Aluminum oxide | Al2O3 | 2.19% | 2.85% |
Iron oxide | Fe2O3 | 1.49% | 1.92% |
Magnesium oxide | MgO | 1.43% | 1.64% |
Chlorine | Cl | 1.34% | 1.51% |
Strontium oxide | SrO | 1.32% | 1.21% |
Potassium oxide | K2O | 0.72% | 0.94% |
Sulfur trioxide | SO3 | 0.71% | 0.77% |
Sodium oxide | Na2O | 0.63% | 0.65% |
Titanium dioxide | TiO2 | 0.2% | 0.30% |
Phosphorus pentoxide | P2O5 | 0.10% | 0.10% |
Manganese oxide | MnO | 0.02% | 0.03% |
Chromium oxide | Cr2O3 | 0.02% | 0.02% |
Copper oxide | CuO | 0.01% | 0.00% |
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Al-Saqarat, B.S.; Abbas, M.; Al Hseinat, M.; Qutishat, T.A.; Shammar, D.; AlShamaileh, E. Interpreting Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures: Insights into Earthquake History and Depositional Processes in the Dead Sea, Jordan. Geosciences 2024, 14, 217. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14080217
Al-Saqarat BS, Abbas M, Al Hseinat M, Qutishat TA, Shammar D, AlShamaileh E. Interpreting Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures: Insights into Earthquake History and Depositional Processes in the Dead Sea, Jordan. Geosciences. 2024; 14(8):217. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14080217
Chicago/Turabian StyleAl-Saqarat, Bety S., Mahmoud Abbas, Mu’ayyad Al Hseinat, Tala Amer Qutishat, Duha Shammar, and Ehab AlShamaileh. 2024. "Interpreting Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures: Insights into Earthquake History and Depositional Processes in the Dead Sea, Jordan" Geosciences 14, no. 8: 217. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14080217