Linking GERD and the Peptide Bombesin: A New Therapeutic Strategy to Modulate Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress and Clinical Biochemistry Parameters
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Animals
2.3. GERD Model and Experimental Groups
2.4. Von Frey Test
2.5. Gastric pH
2.6. Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-qPCR)
2.7. Malondialdehyde (MDA) Assay
2.8. ELISA Kits
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Bombesin Reduces Epigastric Pain Induced by GERD
3.2. Bombesin Modulates Gastric pH, MUC5AC, and MUC5B Levels
3.3. Bombesin Reduces iNOS, COX2, 3-Nitrotyrosine, and Substance P Levels in the Esophagus
3.4. Bombesin Modulates MDA, GSH, CAT, and SOD Levels in the Esophagus
3.5. Bombesin Re-Establishes the Claudin-1, ZO-1, Filaggrin, and Occludin Levels in the Esophagus
3.6. Bombesin Reduces the TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 Levels in Serum
3.7. Bombesin Decreases the PAF, ROS, and RNS Levels in Serum
3.8. Bombesin Re-Establishes the Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E Levels in Serum
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ardizzone, A.; Scuderi, S.A.; Crupi, L.; Campolo, M.; Paterniti, I.; Capra, A.P.; Esposito, E. Linking GERD and the Peptide Bombesin: A New Therapeutic Strategy to Modulate Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress and Clinical Biochemistry Parameters. Antioxidants 2024, 13, 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091043
Ardizzone A, Scuderi SA, Crupi L, Campolo M, Paterniti I, Capra AP, Esposito E. Linking GERD and the Peptide Bombesin: A New Therapeutic Strategy to Modulate Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress and Clinical Biochemistry Parameters. Antioxidants. 2024; 13(9):1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091043
Chicago/Turabian StyleArdizzone, Alessio, Sarah Adriana Scuderi, Lelio Crupi, Michela Campolo, Irene Paterniti, Anna Paola Capra, and Emanuela Esposito. 2024. "Linking GERD and the Peptide Bombesin: A New Therapeutic Strategy to Modulate Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress and Clinical Biochemistry Parameters" Antioxidants 13, no. 9: 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091043