Development of an Analytical Assay for Electrochemical Detection and Quantification of Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine in Biological Samples and Comparison with Classical, Antibody-Based Methods
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Animals Handling and Euthanasia
2.3. Nitration of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) or Biological Samples
2.4. Dot Blot Analysis for Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine
2.5. ELISA Quantification of Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine
2.6. HPLC/ECD and UV/Vis Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine
2.7. Detection of Mitochondrial Superoxide Formation by mitoSOX HPLC Method and Plate Reader Assay
2.8. LC-MS/MS Analysis
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Comparison of the Detection and Quantification of 3-NT Standards as Well as Nitrated BSA Standards by HPLC/ECD, Dot Blot and ELISA
3.2. Detection and Quantification of Free 3-NT from Nitrated Tissue Homogenates and Plasma Samples by HPLC/ECD as Well as Comparison with HPLC/UV or ELISA
3.3. Detection and Quantification of Free 3-NT from Tissue Samples of Diabetic Rats with or without Combined Sin-1 Nitration by HPLC/ECD as Well as Comparison with LC-MS
3.4. Correlation of Mitochondrial Nitration and Superoxide Formation in Response to PN Treatment
4. Discussion
4.1. Importance of the Quantification of Oxidative Stress in General and 3-Nitrotyrosine in Particular
4.2. Biological Consequences of Protein Tyrosine Nitration
4.3. Comparison of Previous Reports on Detection and Quantification of Protein Tyrosine Nitration
4.4. Comparison of Theory and Our Empiric Data
4.5. Strengths and Limitations of the Present Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Vujacic-Mirski, K.; Bruns, K.; Kalinovic, S.; Oelze, M.; Kröller-Schön, S.; Steven, S.; Mojovic, M.; Korac, B.; Münzel, T.; Daiber, A. Development of an Analytical Assay for Electrochemical Detection and Quantification of Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine in Biological Samples and Comparison with Classical, Antibody-Based Methods. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050388
Vujacic-Mirski K, Bruns K, Kalinovic S, Oelze M, Kröller-Schön S, Steven S, Mojovic M, Korac B, Münzel T, Daiber A. Development of an Analytical Assay for Electrochemical Detection and Quantification of Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine in Biological Samples and Comparison with Classical, Antibody-Based Methods. Antioxidants. 2020; 9(5):388. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050388
Chicago/Turabian StyleVujacic-Mirski, Ksenija, Kai Bruns, Sanela Kalinovic, Matthias Oelze, Swenja Kröller-Schön, Sebastian Steven, Milos Mojovic, Bato Korac, Thomas Münzel, and Andreas Daiber. 2020. "Development of an Analytical Assay for Electrochemical Detection and Quantification of Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine in Biological Samples and Comparison with Classical, Antibody-Based Methods" Antioxidants 9, no. 5: 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050388