SPEEK and SPPO Blended Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. Sulfonation of PEEK
2.3. Designing of the Blended Membranes
2.4. Characterizations
2.4.1. Instrumentations
2.4.2. Ion Exchange Capacity, Water Uptake and Membrane Swelling
2.4.3. Chemical Stability of Membranes
2.4.4. Proton Conductivity Measurement
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. FTIR
3.2. Morphology of Membranes
3.3. Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC)
3.4. Water Uptake and Membrane Swelling
3.5. Mechanical Stability
3.6. Thermal and Chemical Stability
3.7. Proton Conductivity
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
Codes | Full names |
IEM | Ion exchange membranes |
PEM | Proton exchange membrane |
SPEEK | Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) |
SPPO | Sulfonated poly(phenylene) oxide |
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Membranes | SPEEK (g) | SPPO (g) | IEC (mmol/g) | WR (%) | MS (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPEEK/SPPO-0% | 100 | 0 | 1.23 | 22.92 | 7.53 |
SPEEK/SPPO-25% | 75 | 25 | 1.35 | 43.06 | 11.39 |
SPEEK/SPPO-50% | 50 | 50 | 1.46 | 47.51 | 16.22 |
SPEEK/SPPO-75% | 25 | 75 | 1.69 | 59.58 | 21.62 |
SPEEK/SPPO-100% | 0 | 100 | 2.0 | 64.57 | 25.49 |
Membranes | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) |
---|---|---|
SPEEK/SPPO-0% | 14.36 | 3.89 |
SPEEK/SPPO-25% | 7.58 | 6.79 |
SPEEK/SPPO-50% | 14.27 | 8.00 |
SPEEK/SPPO-75% | 11.48 | 11.35 |
SPEEK/SPPO-100% | 20.42 | 41.91 |
Sr. No. | Ea (eV) |
---|---|
SPEEK/SPPO-0% | 9.49 |
SPEEK/SPPO-25% | 10.31 |
SPEEK/SPPO-50% | 11.29 |
SPEEK/SPPO-75% | 12.05 |
SPEEK/SPPO-100% | 10.68 |
Nafion 117 | 10.60 |
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Khan, M.I.; Shanableh, A.; Shahida, S.; Lashari, M.H.; Manzoor, S.; Fernandez, J. SPEEK and SPPO Blended Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Membranes 2022, 12, 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030263
Khan MI, Shanableh A, Shahida S, Lashari MH, Manzoor S, Fernandez J. SPEEK and SPPO Blended Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Membranes. 2022; 12(3):263. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030263
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhan, Muhammad Imran, Abdallah Shanableh, Shabnam Shahida, Mushtaq Hussain Lashari, Suryyia Manzoor, and Javier Fernandez. 2022. "SPEEK and SPPO Blended Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells" Membranes 12, no. 3: 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030263