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Article

Socio-Economic Assessment of Ecosystem-Based and Other Adaptation Strategies in Coastal Areas: A Systematic Review

by
Mar Riera-Spiegelhalder
1,2,*,
Luís Campos-Rodrigues
2,*,
Elena Marie Enseñado
3,
Janneke den Dekker-Arlain
3,
Olympia Papadopoulou
4,
Stratos Arampatzis
4 and
Koen Vervoort
5
1
Local Sustainability, Institute for Local Development, UVEG University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
2
Economics and Environment Unit, ENT Environment and Management, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Spain
3
Urban Sustainability and Climate Change Resilience, Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3062 Rotterdam, The Netherlands
4
Tero Monoprosopi Ike, 55132 Kalamaria, Greece
5
Projects Department, European Network of Living Labs, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(2), 319; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020319
Submission received: 13 December 2022 / Revised: 16 January 2023 / Accepted: 24 January 2023 / Published: 2 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Changes of the Coastal Zones Due to Climate Change)
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Abstract

Coastal areas are highly vulnerable to climate-change hazards (e.g., sea-level rise, flooding, coastal erosion), which can lead to significant impacts at the ecosystem and societal level. Interest in ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) is gaining importance due to its potential multiple benefits, including social and environmental aspects, when compared to more traditional approaches such as hard engineering interventions. When assessing EbA strategies, further understanding of the nature–society functions, processes, values, and benefits is needed to increase its application. This study contributes to better knowledge of EbA and other adaptation strategies by developing a systematic literature review of studies performing socio-economic assessments of climate-change adaptation in coastal areas. The analysis of 54 publications revealed that cost–benefit analysis was applied in most studies, followed by multi-criteria analysis and other techniques. Hybrid adaptation strategies based on different combinations of hard, soft, and EbA interventions were considered as potential optimal solutions in a significant part of the assessments. This study shows some potential co-benefits of EbA, such as livelihood diversification or biodiversity conservation, but also stresses the need for further research on this topic, as well as on evaluating how EbA performs in the long term under changing climate-condition scenarios.
Keywords: climate-change adaptation; coastal cities; ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA); socio-economic assessment; systematic literature review climate-change adaptation; coastal cities; ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA); socio-economic assessment; systematic literature review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Riera-Spiegelhalder, M.; Campos-Rodrigues, L.; Enseñado, E.M.; Dekker-Arlain, J.d.; Papadopoulou, O.; Arampatzis, S.; Vervoort, K. Socio-Economic Assessment of Ecosystem-Based and Other Adaptation Strategies in Coastal Areas: A Systematic Review. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11, 319. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020319

AMA Style

Riera-Spiegelhalder M, Campos-Rodrigues L, Enseñado EM, Dekker-Arlain Jd, Papadopoulou O, Arampatzis S, Vervoort K. Socio-Economic Assessment of Ecosystem-Based and Other Adaptation Strategies in Coastal Areas: A Systematic Review. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2023; 11(2):319. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020319

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riera-Spiegelhalder, Mar, Luís Campos-Rodrigues, Elena Marie Enseñado, Janneke den Dekker-Arlain, Olympia Papadopoulou, Stratos Arampatzis, and Koen Vervoort. 2023. "Socio-Economic Assessment of Ecosystem-Based and Other Adaptation Strategies in Coastal Areas: A Systematic Review" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 2: 319. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020319

APA Style

Riera-Spiegelhalder, M., Campos-Rodrigues, L., Enseñado, E. M., Dekker-Arlain, J. d., Papadopoulou, O., Arampatzis, S., & Vervoort, K. (2023). Socio-Economic Assessment of Ecosystem-Based and Other Adaptation Strategies in Coastal Areas: A Systematic Review. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 11(2), 319. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020319

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