Opening and Closure of the Sulu Sea: Revealed by Its Peripheral Subduction and Collision Processes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Tectonic Setting
2.1. Proto-South China Sea Subduction-Collision
2.2. Borneo Rotated Counterclockwise and Sabah Orogeny
2.3. NW Philippine Sea Plate Subduction
2.4. Celebes Sea Subduction
3. Sulu Sea Tectonic and Sedimentary Comparison
3.1. Subduction-Collision Tectonic Zone in Northern Margins of the Sulu Sea
3.1.1. Sabah-Nansha Block Collision Zone
3.1.2. SW Palawan-Cagayan Arc Collision Zone
3.1.3. NW Palawan-Mindoro Arc Collision Zone
3.2. Subduction Tectonic Zone in Southern and Eastern Margins of the Sulu Sea
3.2.1. SE Sulu Sea Southward Subduction Zone
3.2.2. SE Sulu Sea Southeastward Subduction Zone
4. Discussion
4.1. Evolution of Sulu Sea Arc–Basin System
4.2. Plate Tectonic Evolution Pattern
4.3. Implications on the Dynamics of Adjacent Marginal Seas of the Sulu Sea
5. Conclusions
- The northern margins can be divided into three tectonic zones: the Sabah-Nansha Block collision zone in NE Borneo, the SW Palawan-Cagayan arc collision zone in SW Palawan Island, and NW Palawan-Mindoro arc collision zone. Furthermore, the southeastern margins can also be divided into two tectonic zones: the SE Sulu Sea southward subduction zone and SE Sulu Sea southeastward subduction zone. Each tectonic zone exhibits unique structural styles and sedimentary response characteristics.
- The northern margins of the Sulu Sea have undergone multiple dynamic processes including the subduction and collision of different microblocks. These processes have led to the opening of the Sulu Sea from west to east. Meanwhile, the southeastern margins of the Sulu Sea are characterized by the subduction of the SE Sulu Sea crust and ocean-arc collision, leading to the closure of the Sulu Sea from south to east.
- The Sulu Sea and its adjacent marginal seas feature multiple and intricate subduction dynamic systems. Due to insufficient data and the complexity of regional tectonic dynamics, there are still many contradictions and uncertainties in the explanations (such as the SE Sulu Sea southward subduction zone). It is reasonable to believe that with additional data supplementation, the dynamics of multiple microplates in Southeast Asia will be interpreted more accurately.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yang, Y.; Xie, X.; He, Y.; Chen, H. Opening and Closure of the Sulu Sea: Revealed by Its Peripheral Subduction and Collision Processes. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 1456. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081456
Yang Y, Xie X, He Y, Chen H. Opening and Closure of the Sulu Sea: Revealed by Its Peripheral Subduction and Collision Processes. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2024; 12(8):1456. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081456
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Yunliu, Xinong Xie, Yunlong He, and Hao Chen. 2024. "Opening and Closure of the Sulu Sea: Revealed by Its Peripheral Subduction and Collision Processes" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 8: 1456. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081456