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Computation
Volume 13
Issue 10
10.3390/computation13100232
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Computation of the Radius of Curvature R in Any Avian Egg and Identification of the Location of Potential Load Application That Forms Its Unique Asymmetric Shape: A Theoretical Hypothesis

by
Valeriy G. Narushin
1,
Michael N. Romanov
2,3,* and
Darren K. Griffin
2,3,*
1
Independent Researcher, Soborny Prospekt 145-B, 69035 Zaporizhya, Ukraine
2
School of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
3
Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Computation 2025, 13(10), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13100232
Submission received: 20 July 2025 / Revised: 29 August 2025 / Accepted: 15 September 2025 / Published: 1 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Computational Biology)
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Abstract

In avian biology, the radius of curvature, or R, has hardly ever been used to study the mechanics of birds’ egg shape formation. However, it is essential for introducing important details about the form, function, and performance of an object, which is useful in biomedicine, manufacturing, and precision design. In order to determine a possible biological mechanism and the location of load application that creates the distinctive asymmetric egg shape in nature, the goal of this study was to develop a formula for computing R at any point over an egg contour. We derived a relatively simple means of computing R and identified the location that muscular compression is carried out to give the egg its characteristic form. This location (x/L), the angle (α) of compression and the relative magnitude of the load proportional to R can help identify a specific section of the oviduct and the squeezing muscle involved. Novel equations for computing R, x/L and α were proposed, based on standard geometric parameters. Our findings demonstrate how the theoretical knowledge of physical, mechanical and mathematical processes can contribute to the solution of biological problems and resonates with the fields of egg-inspired engineering.
Keywords: avian eggs; egg formation; egg geometry; radius of curvature; deformation of elastic eggshells avian eggs; egg formation; egg geometry; radius of curvature; deformation of elastic eggshells
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MDPI and ACS Style

Narushin, V.G.; Romanov, M.N.; Griffin, D.K. Computation of the Radius of Curvature R in Any Avian Egg and Identification of the Location of Potential Load Application That Forms Its Unique Asymmetric Shape: A Theoretical Hypothesis. Computation 2025, 13, 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13100232

AMA Style

Narushin VG, Romanov MN, Griffin DK. Computation of the Radius of Curvature R in Any Avian Egg and Identification of the Location of Potential Load Application That Forms Its Unique Asymmetric Shape: A Theoretical Hypothesis. Computation. 2025; 13(10):232. https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13100232

Chicago/Turabian Style

Narushin, Valeriy G., Michael N. Romanov, and Darren K. Griffin. 2025. "Computation of the Radius of Curvature R in Any Avian Egg and Identification of the Location of Potential Load Application That Forms Its Unique Asymmetric Shape: A Theoretical Hypothesis" Computation 13, no. 10: 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13100232

APA Style

Narushin, V. G., Romanov, M. N., & Griffin, D. K. (2025). Computation of the Radius of Curvature R in Any Avian Egg and Identification of the Location of Potential Load Application That Forms Its Unique Asymmetric Shape: A Theoretical Hypothesis. Computation, 13(10), 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13100232

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