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Article

Doubly-Resonant Photonic Crystal Cavities for Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in III–V Semiconductors

1
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
2
Ginzton Laboratory, and Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
3
Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN)-CNR, 20133 Milano, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(3), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030605
Submission received: 13 January 2021 / Revised: 12 February 2021 / Accepted: 19 February 2021 / Published: 28 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials for Photonics and Plasmonics)

Abstract

Second-order nonlinear effects, such as second-harmonic generation, can be strongly enhanced in nanofabricated photonic materials when both fundamental and harmonic frequencies are spatially and temporally confined. Practically designing low-volume and doubly-resonant nanoresonators in conventional semiconductor compounds is challenging owing to their intrinsic refractive index dispersion. In this work we review a recently developed strategy to design doubly-resonant nanocavities with low mode volume and large quality factor via localized defects in a photonic crystal structure. We built on this approach by applying an evolutionary optimization algorithm in connection with Maxwell equations solvers; the proposed design recipe can be applied to any material platform. We explicitly calculated the second-harmonic generation efficiency for doubly-resonant photonic crystal cavity designs in typical III–V semiconductor materials, such as GaN and AlGaAs, while targeting a fundamental harmonic at telecom wavelengths and fully accounting for the tensor nature of the respective nonlinear susceptibilities. These results may stimulate the realization of small footprint photonic nanostructures in leading semiconductor material platforms to achieve unprecedented nonlinear efficiencies.
Keywords: second-harmonic generation; photonic crystals; III–V semiconductor nanostructures second-harmonic generation; photonic crystals; III–V semiconductor nanostructures

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zanotti, S.; Minkov, M.; Fan, S.; Andreani, L.C.; Gerace, D. Doubly-Resonant Photonic Crystal Cavities for Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in III–V Semiconductors. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030605

AMA Style

Zanotti S, Minkov M, Fan S, Andreani LC, Gerace D. Doubly-Resonant Photonic Crystal Cavities for Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in III–V Semiconductors. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11(3):605. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030605

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zanotti, Simone, Momchil Minkov, Shanhui Fan, Lucio C. Andreani, and Dario Gerace. 2021. "Doubly-Resonant Photonic Crystal Cavities for Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in III–V Semiconductors" Nanomaterials 11, no. 3: 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030605

APA Style

Zanotti, S., Minkov, M., Fan, S., Andreani, L. C., & Gerace, D. (2021). Doubly-Resonant Photonic Crystal Cavities for Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in III–V Semiconductors. Nanomaterials, 11(3), 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030605

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