6FDA-DAM:DABA Co-Polyimide Mixed Matrix Membranes with GO and ZIF-8 Mixtures for Effective CO2/CH4 Separation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Co-Polyimide and Nanomaterials Syntheses
- Dry method: The slurry solution was centrifuged at 20,000 rpm (20 min) and the supernatant methanol was removed and replaced with fresh methanol (30 mL), followed by an ultrasound sonication (Kraintek K-10LE, ultrasonic power 300 W at the frequency 38 kHz for 15 min) to re-disperse the nanoparticles in the fresh solvent. This procedure was repeated for 3 cycles and the final supernatant methanol was discarded. The obtained nanoparticles were dried at 90 °C overnight.
- Wet method: At the third cycle of the dry method, the methanol was exchanged by 30 mL NMP and centrifuged at 20,000 rpm (20 min). The supernatant NMP was discarded and replaced by fresh NMP and the cycle was repeated 5 times, producing a solution of ZIF-8 nanoparticles in NMP. To determine the ZIF-8 powder concentration, 1 g of ZIF-8/NMP solution was spread onto a glass plate and kept dry in a vacuum oven at 90 °C for 24 h. The final dried weight was used to calculate the ZIF-8 concentration and determined at 0.074 g·mL−1. The solution was tightly sealed and kept stirred at room temperature before the MMM preparation.
2.3. Membrane Fabrication
2.4. Characterization
2.5. Gas Separation Measurement
3. Results
3.1. Materials Characterizations
3.1.1. 6FDA-Copolyimide and Nanoparticle Characterizations
3.1.2. Membrane Characterizations
3.2. Gas Transport Properties
3.2.1. Gas Permeability and CO2/CH4 Selectivity
Membrane | Gas Permeability (Barrer) | CO2/CH4 Selectivity | Feed Pressure (bar) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CO2 | CH4 | ||||
6FDA-DAM:DABA (4:1) * | 320.0 | - | 19.7 | 6.9 | [50] |
6FDA-DAM:DABA (3:1) | 199 ± 18 | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 35.9 ± 1.5 | 2 | [31] |
6FDA-DAM:DABA (3:1) | 147 ± 6.1 | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 47.5 ± 4.0 | 2 | This study |
6FDA-DAM:DABA (2:1) | 140.0 | 4.7 | 30.0 | 20 | [51] |
6FDA-DAM:DABA (3:2) | 158.9 | 4.2 | 37.8 | 6.9 | [52] |
3.2.2. Comparison with Upper Bounds
3.2.3. Performance at Various CO2 Partial Pressure
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Membrane | Decomposition Percentage (%) | Td (°C) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
100-350 °C | 351–490 °C | 491–700 °C | ||
6FDA-DAM:DABA (3:1) | 5.3 | 4.0 | 41.5 | 557 |
MMM GO 1 wt.% | 5.6 | 3.0 | 31.7 | 555 |
GO 2 wt.% | 8.1 | 3.7 | 34.4 | 557 |
GO 4 wt.% | 9.3 | 3.9 | 45.3 | 557 |
MMM ZIF-8 5 wt.% | 9.6 | 11.3 | 34.4 | 556 |
ZIF-8 10 wt.% | 15.9 | 6.6 | 31.7 | 555 |
ZIF-8 15 wt.% | 20.0 | 7.7 | 36.8 | 553 |
MMM GO (1 wt.%)/ZIF-8 5 wt.% | 11.2 | 11.0 | 31.9 | 555 |
GO (1 wt.%)/ZIF-8 10 wt.% | 15.8 | 6.6 | 31.7 | 554 |
GO (1 wt.%)/ZIF-8 15 wt.% | 13.8 | 8.2 | 36.4 | 553 |
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Jain, A.; Ahmad, M.Z.; Linkès, A.; Martin-Gil, V.; Castro-Muñoz, R.; Izak, P.; Sofer, Z.; Hintz, W.; Fila, V. 6FDA-DAM:DABA Co-Polyimide Mixed Matrix Membranes with GO and ZIF-8 Mixtures for Effective CO2/CH4 Separation. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 668. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030668
Jain A, Ahmad MZ, Linkès A, Martin-Gil V, Castro-Muñoz R, Izak P, Sofer Z, Hintz W, Fila V. 6FDA-DAM:DABA Co-Polyimide Mixed Matrix Membranes with GO and ZIF-8 Mixtures for Effective CO2/CH4 Separation. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11(3):668. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030668
Chicago/Turabian StyleJain, Anand, Mohd Zamidi Ahmad, Audrey Linkès, Violeta Martin-Gil, Roberto Castro-Muñoz, Pavel Izak, Zdeněk Sofer, Werner Hintz, and Vlastimil Fila. 2021. "6FDA-DAM:DABA Co-Polyimide Mixed Matrix Membranes with GO and ZIF-8 Mixtures for Effective CO2/CH4 Separation" Nanomaterials 11, no. 3: 668. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030668